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The collapse of reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC) panels has attracted considerable public and academic interest. As detailed experimental data are not yet available and replicating the natural corrosion process requires years…
A leading mechanism for producing cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is via ultra-relativistic particles in an expanding fireball. The kinetic energy of the particles is converted into thermal energy in a forward shock and a reverse…
A switching-off process very similar to those in real high-voltage self-blast circuit-breakers is emulated in a model chamber to study the arc properties by optical emission spectroscopy. The arc is operated in a chamber filled with SF$_6$…
The breakup of glass and alumina plates due to planar impacts on one of their lateral sides is studied. Particular attention is given to investigating the spatial location of the cracks within the plates. Analysis based on a…
Cracks in thin layers are influenced by what lies beneath them. From buried craters to crocodile skin, crack patterns are found over an enormous range of length scales. Regardless of absolute size, their substrates can dramatically…
A plasma model is presented for the formation of ``cathode spots'' and subsequent crater development near field emission sites on a copper surface in the presence of a strong dc electric field. Adding to previously published models, we…
Cracks in concrete structures are very common and are an integral part of this heterogeneous material. Characteristics of cracks induced by standardized tests yield valuable information about the tested concrete formulation and its…
We studied interactions between the coherent excitations on disconnected arcs along a bare Fermi surface (the so-called Fermi arcs (FAs)) seen by angle-resolved photo emission spectroscopy (ARPES) in several underdoped (UD) cuprates and…
The integrity of plasma-facing components (PFCs) in tokamaks is critically challenged by transient events such as runaway electron (RE) impacts. We report the first systematic analysis of the thermal damage to tungsten-based PFC tiles…
Material failure is mediated by the propagation of cracks, which in realistic 3D materials typically involve multiple coexisting fracture planes. Multiple fracture-plane interactions create poorly understood out-of-plane crack structures,…
The application of a high electrical field on metallic surfaces leads to the well described phenomena of breakdown. In the classical scenario, explosive electron emission (EEE), breakdown (BD) originates from an emitting site (surface…
Chemical, mechanical, thermal and/or electronic properties of bulk or low-dimensional materials can be engineered by introducing structural defects to form novel functionalities. When using particles irradiation, these defects can be…
The surface pattern formation on a gelation surface is analyzed using an effective surface roughness. The spontaneous surface deformation on DiMethylAcrylAmide (DMAA) gelation surface is controlled by temperature, initiator concentration,…
The Fermi surface in the state of cuprates is highly unusual because it appears to consist of disconnected segments called arcs. Their very existence challenges the traditional concept of a Fermi surface as closed contours of gapless…
The damage and fracture of materials are technologically of enormous interest due to their economic and human cost. They cover a wide range of phenomena like e.g. cracking of glass, aging of concrete, the failure of fiber networks in the…
We investigate dynamic crack propagation and fragmentation with the phase-field fracture approach. The method was chosen for its ability to yield crack paths that are independent of the underlying mesh, thanks to the damage regularization…
This review consolidates experimental, theoretical, and simulation work examining the behavior of high-field devices and the fundamental process of vacuum arc initiation, commonly referred to as breakdown. Detailed experimental observations…
Fractures are a critical process in how materials wear, weaken, and fail whose unpredictable behavior can have dire consequences. While the behavior of smooth cracks in ideal materials is well understood, it is assumed that for real,…
In this article we study the energy level spectrum of fractals which have block-hierarchical structures. We develop a method to study the spectral properties in terms of linearization of spectral decimation procedure and verify it…
We perform fracture experiments on nanoscale phase separated glasses and measure crack surface roughness by atomic force microscopy. The ability of tuning the phase domain size by thermal treatment allows us to test thoroughly the…