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We consider the design of adaptive data structures for searching elements of a tree-structured space. We use a natural generalization of the rotation-based online binary search tree model in which the underlying search space is the set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Prosenjit Bose , Jean Cardinal , John Iacono , Grigorios Koumoutsos , Stefan Langerman

XML document markup is highly repetitive and therefore well compressible using dictionary-based methods such as DAGs or grammars. In the context of selectivity estimation, grammar-compressed trees were used before as synopsis for structural…

Databases · Computer Science 2010-12-30 Sebastian Maneth , Tom Sebastian

This paper introduces annotative indexing, a novel framework that unifies and generalizes traditional inverted indexes, column stores, object stores, and graph databases. As a result, annotative indexing can provide the underlying indexing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Charles L. A. Clarke

Millions of repetitive code snippets are submitted to code repositories every day. To search from these large codebases using simple natural language queries would allow programmers to ideate, prototype, and develop easier and faster.…

Answering complex logical queries on incomplete knowledge graphs is a challenging task, and has been widely studied. Embedding-based methods require training on complex queries, and cannot generalize well to out-of-distribution query…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Yushi Bai , Xin Lv , Juanzi Li , Lei Hou

New applications of data mining, such as in biology, bioinformatics, or sociology, are faced with large datasetsstructured as graphs. We introduce a novel class of tree-shapedpatterns called tree queries, and present algorithms for…

Databases · Computer Science 2010-08-17 Eveline Hoekx , Jan Van den Bussche

Indexes are models: a B-Tree-Index can be seen as a model to map a key to the position of a record within a sorted array, a Hash-Index as a model to map a key to a position of a record within an unsorted array, and a BitMap-Index as a model…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Tim Kraska , Alex Beutel , Ed H. Chi , Jeffrey Dean , Neoklis Polyzotis

Tree-search-based reasoning methods have significantly enhanced the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) by facilitating the exploration of multiple intermediate reasoning steps, i.e., thoughts. However, these methods suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhihai Wang , Jie Wang , Jilai Pan , Xilin Xia , Huiling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Feng Wu

In many modern applications, including analysis of gene expression and text documents, the data are noisy, high-dimensional, and unordered--with no particular meaning to the given order of the variables. Yet, successful learning is often…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-07-25 Ann B. Lee , Boaz Nadler , Larry Wasserman

The suffix array is an efficient data structure for in-memory pattern search. Suffix arrays can also be used for external-memory pattern search, via two-level structures that use an internal index to identify the correct block of suffix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-03-27 Simon Gog , Alistair Moffat , J. Shane Culpepper , Andrew Turpin , Anthony Wirth

We present a novel algorithm for the minimum-depth elimination tree problem, which is equivalent to the optimal treedepth decomposition problem. Our algorithm makes use of two cheaply-computed lower bound functions to prune the search tree,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 James Trimble

With XML becoming an ubiquitous language for data interoperability purposes in various domains, efficiently querying XML data is a critical issue. This has lead to the design of algebraic frameworks based on tree-shaped patterns akin to the…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Marouane Hachicha , Jérôme Darmont

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models with external knowledge, and tree-based RAG organizes documents into hierarchical indexes to support queries at multiple granularities. However, existing Tree-RAG methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ziwen Zhao , Menglin Yang

Representing sorted integer sequences in small space is a central problem for large-scale retrieval systems such as Web search engines. Efficient query resolution, e.g., intersection or random access, is achieved by carefully partitioning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Giulio Ermanno Pibiri

In this paper, we investigate adaptive nonlinear regression and introduce tree based piecewise linear regression algorithms that are highly efficient and provide significantly improved performance with guaranteed upper bounds in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-30 N. Denizcan Vanli , Suleyman S. Kozat

An anytime decoding algorithm for tree codes using Monte-Carlo tree search is proposed. The meaning of anytime decoding here is twofold: 1) the decoding algorithm is an anytime algorithm, whose decoding performance improves as more…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Aolin Xu

The simplified parse tree (SPT) presented in Aroma, a state-of-the-art code recommendation system, is a tree-structured representation used to infer code semantics by capturing program \emph{structure} rather than program \emph{syntax}.…

One of the important factors that make a search engine fast and accurate is a concise and duplicate free index. In order to remove duplicate and near-duplicate documents from the index, a search engine needs a swift and reliable duplicate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Hamid Mohammadi , Seyed Hossein Khasteh

In models to generate program source code from natural language, representing this code in a tree structure has been a common approach. However, existing methods often fail to generate complex code correctly due to a lack of ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Shirley Anugrah Hayati , Raphael Olivier , Pravalika Avvaru , Pengcheng Yin , Anthony Tomasic , Graham Neubig

Learned indices using neural networks have been shown to outperform traditional indices such as B-trees in both query time and memory. However, learning the distribution of a large dataset can be expensive, and updating learned indices is…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Guanli Liu , Lars Kulik , Xingjun Ma , Jianzhong Qi