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This paper considers the problem of comparing two processes with panel data. A nonparametric test is proposed for detecting a monotone change in the link between the two process distributions. The test statistic is of CUSUM type, based on…
Equivalence testing compares the hypothesis that an effect $\mu$ is large against the alternative that it is negligible. Here, `large' is classically expressed as being larger than some `equivalence margin' $\Delta$. A longstanding problem…
Expectation values of physical quantities may accurately be obtained by the evaluation of integrals within Many-Body Quantum mechanics, and these multi-dimensional integrals may be estimated using Monte Carlo methods. In a previous…
A common problem in numerous research areas, particularly in clinical trials, is to test whether the effect of an explanatory variable on an outcome variable is equivalent across different groups. In practice, these tests are frequently…
This paper introduces a comprehensive model for age estimation, verification, and comparability, offering a comprehensive solution for a wide range of applications. It employs advanced learning techniques to understand age distribution and…
The paper presents an investigation of estimating treatment effect using different matching methods. The study proposed a new method which is computationally efficient and convenient in implication-'largest caliper matching' and compared…
The rank envelope test (Myllym\"aki et al., Global envelope tests for spatial processes, arXiv:1307.0239 [stat.ME]) is proposed as a solution to multiple testing problem for Monte Carlo tests. Three different situations are recognized: 1) a…
As increasingly complex hypothesis-testing scenarios are considered in many scientific fields, analytic derivation of null distributions is often out of reach. To the rescue comes Monte Carlo testing, which may appear deceptively simple: as…
Recent advances in steady-state analysis of power systems have introduced the equivalent split-circuit approach and corresponding continuation methods that can reliably find the correct physical solution of large-scale power system…
The e-value is swiftly rising in prominence in many applications of hypothesis testing and multiple testing, yet its relationship to classical testing theory remains elusive. We unify e-values and classical testing into a single 'continuous…
A comparison of GENIE, NEUT, NUANCE, and NuWro Monte Carlo neutrino event generators is presented using a set of four observables: protons multiplicity, total visible energy, most energetic proton momentum, and $\pi^+$ two-dimensional…
We present a novel technique for tailoring Bayesian quadrature (BQ) to model selection. The state-of-the-art for comparing the evidence of multiple models relies on Monte Carlo methods, which converge slowly and are unreliable for…
We study the problem of comparing ageing patterns of the lifetime of k-out-of-n systems. Mathematically, this reduces to being able to decide about a stochastic ordering relationship between different order statistics. We discuss such…
Among Bayesian methods, Monte-Carlo dropout provides principled tools for evaluating the epistemic uncertainty of neural networks. Its popularity recently led to seminal works that proposed activating the dropout layers only during…
Testing the equality in distributions of multiple samples is a common task in many fields. However, this problem for high-dimensional or non-Euclidean data has not been well explored. In this paper, we propose new nonparametric tests based…
Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool for studying the equilibrium properties of matter. In complex condensed-phase systems, however, it is difficult to design Monte Carlo moves with high acceptance probabilities that also…
This article proposes omnibus portmanteau tests for contrasting adequacy of time series models. The test statistics are based on combining the autocorrelation function of the conditional residuals, the autocorrelation function of the…
In this paper we develop a novel bootstrap test for the comparison of two multinomial distributions. The two distributions are called {\it equivalent} or {\it similar} if a norm of the difference between the class probabilities is smaller…
In the last months, due to the emergency of Covid-19, questions related to the fact of belonging or not to a particular class of individuals (`infected or not infected'), after being tagged as `positive' or `negative' by a test, have never…
Eliciting relevance judgments for ranking evaluation is labor-intensive and costly, motivating careful selection of which documents to judge. Unlike traditional approaches that make this selection deterministically, probabilistic sampling…