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According to Newton's law of gravitation the force between two particles depends upon their inertial, as well as their active and passive gravitational masses. For ordinary matter all three of these are equal and positive. We consider here…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-19 Sabbir Rahman

The works in this portfolio test the hypothesis that it is not possible to extrapolate the Newtonian inverse square law of gravity from Solar System to galaxy scales. In particular, I look into various tests of Modified Newtonian Dynamics…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-26 Indranil Banik

We give precise details to support that observations of gravitational lensing at scales of individual, groups and clusters of galaxies can be understood in terms of non-Newtonian gravitational interactions with a relativistic structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-02 S. Mendoza , G. J. Olmo

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a possible solution for the missing mass problem in galactic dynamics; its predictions are in good agreement with observations in the limit of weak accelerations. However, MOND does not derive from a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Sascha Trippe

The self-binding energy and stability of a galaxy in MOND-based gravity are curiously decreasing functions of its center of mass acceleration towards neighbouring mass concentrations. A tentative indication of this breaking of the Strong…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xufen Wu , HongSheng Zhao , Benoit Famaey , G. Gentile , O. Tiret , F. Combes , G. W. Angus , A. C. Robin

A nonlocal form of the effective gravitational action could cure the unboundedness of euclidean gravity with Einstein action. On sub-horizon length scales the modified gravitational field equations seem compatible with all present tests of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 C. Wetterich

Since the 1930s, astronomical observations have accumulated evidence that our understanding of the dynamics of galaxies and groups of galaxies is grossly incomplete: assuming the validity of Newton's law of gravity on astronomical scales,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Sascha Trippe

A mass distribution is analyzed in terms of classical gravitational field theory. Newton's law of gravitation is consistently applied on the assumption that the equivalence of energy and mass according to Einstein's theory of relativity is…

General Physics · Physics 2015-05-26 Helmut Kling

We apply an effective field theory method for the gravitational interaction of compact stars, developed within the context of general relativity, to Newtonian gravity. In this effective theory a compact object is represented by a point…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-30 Sayan Chakrabarti , Térence Delsate , Jan Steinhoff

We estimate galaxy clustering under a modified gravitational potential. In particular, the modifications in gravitational potential energy occur due to a power-law and cosmological constant terms. We derive a canonical partition function…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-15 Abdul W. Khanday , Sudhaker Upadhyay , Prince A. Ganai

Gravitational merging (or clustering) of cosmic objects is regarded as a possible source of the extra-acceleration of the universe at large scale. The merging/clustering of cosmic objects introduces a correction term in the equation of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Mehrdad Khanpour , Ebrahim Yusofi , Bahman Khanpour

The equivalence principle in combination with the special relativistic equivalence between mass and energy, $E=mc^2$, is one of the cornerstones of general relativity. However, for composite systems a long-standing result in general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-22 Magdalena Zych , Łukasz Rudnicki , Igor Pikovski

We investigate the generation of the baryon asymmetry within the cosmological framework based on a generalized mass-to-horizon entropy. This entropy, recently proposed as a power-law extension of the Bekenstein-Hawking area law, arises from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-04 Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

I argue that the essence of gravity can be understood only in the context of the universe and that unrecognised implicit retention of Newtonian absolute scale and the impact of thermodynamics have obscured it. Typical attempts to resolve…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-19 Julian Barbour

The general theory of relativity is currently established as the most precise theory of gravity supported by observations, and its application is diverse ranging from astronomy to cosmology, while its application to astrophysics has been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 Shuichi Yokoyama

Modifications to Newtonian dynamics at low accelerations have long been proposed as an alternative to dark matter to explain galaxy rotation curves. More recently, similar corrections have been invoked to interpret anomalies in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-19 Riccardo Scarpa , Renato Falomo , Aldo Treves

We search for viable f(R) theories of gravity, making use of the equivalence between such theories and scalar-tensor gravity. We find that models can be made consistent with solar system constraints either by giving the scalar a high mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas Faulkner , Max Tegmark , Emory F. Bunn , Yi Mao

We combine data for extragalactic systems to quantify a relation between the observed baryonic mass $M_b$ and the enclosed dynamical mass $M_{200}$ inferred from kinematics or gravitational lensing. Our sample covers nine orders of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-09 Stacy McGaugh , Tobias Mistele , Francis Duey , Konstantin Haubner , Federico Lelli , Jim Schombert , Pengfei Li

The LCDM model is the most commonly admitted to describe our Universe. In spite of a great success with regard to the large scale structure formation, some problems are still unresolved at galactic scales. Alternative scenarios have to be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-24 O. Tiret , F. Combes

We investigate how different models that have been proposed for solving the dark matter problem can fit the velocity dispersion observed around elliptical galaxies, on either a small scale (~ 20kpc) with stellar tracers, such as planetary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 O. Tiret , F. Combes , G. W. Angus , B. Famaey , H. S. Zhao