Related papers: On Eisenstein's formula for the Fermat quotient

We present a novel approach to Gaussian Berezin correlation functions. A formula well known in the literature expresses these quantities in terms of submatrices of the inverse matrix appearing in the Gaussian action. By using a recently…

The signs of Fourier coefficients of certain eta quotients are determined by dissecting expansions for theta functions and by applying a general dissection formula for certain classes of quintuple products. A characterization is given for…

In 1997 the author found a criterion for the Riemann hypothesis for the Riemann zeta function, involving the nonnegativity of certain coefficients associated with the Riemann zeta function. In 1999 Bombieri and Lagarias obtained an…

We compute explicit formulae for the constant terms and Fourier coefficients for Eisenstein series on $\operatorname{Sp}(4,\mathbb{R})$, in terms of zeta functions and Whittaker functions. We also develop a generalisation of Ramanujan sums…

E26 in the Enestrom index. Translated from the Latin original, "Observationes de theoremate quodam Fermatiano aliisque ad numeros primos spectantibus" (1732). In this paper Euler gives a counterexample to Fermat's claim that all numbers of…

We find a representation for the determinant of a Dirac operator in an even number $D= 2 n$ of Euclidean dimensions as an overlap between two different vacua, each one corresponding to a bosonic theory with a quadratic action in $2 n + 1$…

The concept of additive basis has been investigated in the literature for several mathematicians which works with number theorem. Recently, the concept of finitely stable additive basis was introduced. In this note we provide a…

Eisenstein polynomials, which were defined by the second author, are analogues of the concept of an Eisenstein series. The second author conjectured that there exist some analogous properties between Eisenstein series and Eisenstein…

The two squares theorem of Fermat is a gem in number theory, with a spectacular one-sentence "proof from the Book". Here is a formalisation of this proof, with an interpretation using windmill patterns. The theory behind involves…

Ordinary differential equations have an arithmetic analogue in which functions are replaced by numbers and the derivation operator is replaced by a Fermat quotient operator. In this survey we explain the main motivations, constructions,…

This chapter is devoted to a discussion of quantum phase transitions in regularly alternating spin-1/2 Ising chain in a transverse field. After recalling some generally-known topics of the classical (temperature-driven) phase transition…

An interesting tool for investigating the quantum features of a field theory is the introduction of compensating fields. For instance, the anomalous divergence of the chiral current can be calculated in the field-antifield formalism from an…

Einstein equations for several matter sources in Robertson-Walker and Bianchi I type metrics, are shown to reduce to a kind of second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation $\ddot{y}+\alpha f(y)\dot{y}+\beta f(y)\int{f(y) dy}+\gamma…

In this paper, we develop the modular method for the generalized Fermat equation appearing in the title, within the framework of Darmon's program and using Frey hyperelliptic curves. As an application, we study a conjecture of Laradji,…

This research focuses on the Numerical approach for Fermat's Last theorem. We can induce an Alternative form of Fermat's last theorem by using particular geometric mapping $\mathcal{M}$ on a Cartesian plane to a Torus. It transforms the…

Eisenstein series are real analytic functions which play a central role in spectral theory of the hyperbolic Laplacian. Kronecker limit formulas determine their connection to modular forms. The main result of this work is Theorem 7.2 in…

This work obtains sharp closed-form exponential concentration inequalities of Bernstein type for the ubiquitous beta distribution, improving upon sub-gaussian and sub-gamma bounds previously studied in this context. The proof leverages a…

In 1859, Riemann had announced the following conjecture : the nontrivial roots (zeros) $s=\alpha+i\beta$ of the zeta function, defined by: $$\zeta(s) =\displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n^s},\,\mbox{for}\quad \Re(s)>1$$ have real…

In this article, we factor the composite $4n^2 +1$ using Fermat's factorization method. Consequently, we characterized all proper factors of composite $4n^2 +1$ in terms of its form. Furthermore, the composite Fermat's number is considered…

Let $p\ge 5$ be a prime, and let $q_p(2):=(2^{p-1}-1)/p$ be the Fermat quotient of $p$ to base 2. The following curious congruence was conjectured by L. Skula and proved by A. Granville $$ q_p(2)^2\equiv…