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In this article, we develop comprehensive frequency domain methods for estimating and inferring the second-order structure of spatial point processes. The main element here is on utilizing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of the point…
If identical photons meet at a semi-transparent mirror they appear to leave in the same direction, an effect called "two-photon interference". It has been known for some time that this effect should occur for photons generated by dissimilar…
Many adaptive optics systems operate by measuring the distortion of the wavefront in one wavelength range and performing the scientific observations in a second, different wavelength range. One common technique is to measure wavefront…
Spatial resolution of most imaging devices is fundamentally restricted by diffraction. This limitation is manifested in the loss of high spatial frequency information contained in evanescent waves. As a result, conventional far-field optics…
High-accuracy dimensional measurements by laser interferometers require corrections because of diffraction, which makes the effective fringe-period different from the wavelength of a plane (or spherical) wave $\lambda_0$. By using a…
The manipulation of light by conventional optical components such as a lenses, prisms and wave plates involves engineering of the wavefront as it propagates through an optically-thick medium. A new class of ultra-flat optical components…
The nonlinear Fourier transform has the potential to overcome limits on performance and achievable data rates which arise in modern optical fiber communication systems when nonlinear interference is treated as noise. The periodic nonlinear…
In most theories of diffraction by a diaphragm, the amplitude of the diffracted wave, and hence the position wave function of the associated particle, is calculated directly without prior calculation of the quantum state. Few models express…
Advances in the amplification and manipulation of ultrashort laser pulses has led to revolutions in several areas. Examples include chirped pulse amplification for generating high peak-power lasers, power-scalable amplification techniques,…
Tailoring the degrees of freedom (DoF) of light for a desired purpose, so-called structured light, has delivered numerous advances over the past decade, ranging from communications and quantum cryptography to optical trapping, and…
Optical neural networks present distinct advantages over traditional electrical counterparts, such as accelerated data processing and reduced energy consumption. While coherent light is conventionally employed in optical neural networks,…
Diffraction limits the behaviour of light in optical systems and sets the smallest achievable line width at half the wavelength. With a novel subwavelength plasmonic lens to reduce the diffraction via an asymmetry and to generate and…
Speckle patterns have been widely used in imaging techniques such as ghost imaging, dynamic speckle illumination microscopy, structured illumination microscopy, and photoacoustic fluctuation imaging. Recent advances in the ability to…
Fourier synthesis is one of the foundations of physical optics. Spatial Fourier optics is a basis for understanding optical imaging, microscopy, and holography. In conventional Fourier optics, the complex spatial field distribution in the…
Hair-thin optical fiber endoscopes have opened up new paradigms for advanced imaging applications in vivo. In certain applications, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), light-shaping structures may be required on fiber facets to…
In the present work we discuss a possibility to build an instrument with two operation modes - spectral and imaging ones. The key element of such instrument is a dispersive and filtering unit consisting of two narrowband volume-phase…
We proposed a method to achieve superresolved optical imaging without beating the diffraction limit of light. This is achieved by magnifying the ideal optical image of the object through higher-order spatial frequency generation while…
The Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) has widespread applications in areas like signal analysis, Fourier optics, diffraction theory, etc. The Holomorphic Fractional Fourier Transform (HFrFT) proposed in the present paper may be used in…
Position measurement-induced collapse states are shown to provide a unified quantum description of diffraction of particles passing through a single slit. These states, which we here call `quantum location states', are represented by the…
Optical photothermal microscopy is a powerful, emerging method that overcomes the diffraction limit in infrared hyperspectral imaging by utilizing a visible probe laser beam to detect local temperature-induced modulation at the visible…