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We address the challenge of incorporating encoded quantum memories into an exact secret key rate analysis for small and intermediate-scale quantum repeaters. To this end, we introduce the check matrix model and quantify the resilience of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-12 Alena Romanova , Peter van Loock

Memory dephasing and its impact on the rate of entanglement generation in quantum repeaters is addressed. For systems that rely on probabilistic schemes for entanglement distribution and connection, we estimate the maximum achievable rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-12 M. Razavi , M. Piani , N. Lutkenhaus

Phase change materials (PCMs) are well-known for their reversible and rapid switching between crystalline and amorphous phases through thermal excitations mediated by strong electrical or laser pulses. This crystal-to-amorphous transition…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-25 Nicholas Mazzucca , Junjing Zhao , Zhenyang Xu , Despina Louca , Utpal Chatterjee , Marc Bockrath

We devise and explore an iterative optimization procedure for controlling particle populations in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes via merging and splitting of computational macro-particles. Our approach, is to compute an optimal representation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-01 J. Trier Frederiksen , G. Lapenta , M. E. Pessah

Search is a key service within constraint programming systems, and it demands the restoration of previously accessed states during the exploration of a search tree. Restoration proceeds either bottom-up within the tree to roll back…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Yong Lin , Martin Henz

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) infers the long term dependency through a cell state maintained by the input and the forget gate structures, which models a gate output as a value in [0,1] through a sigmoid function. However, due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kyungwoo Song , JoonHo Jang , Seung jae Shin , Il-Chul Moon

Modeling of kinetic plasmas using electromagnetic particle in cell methods (EM-PIC) is a problem that is well worn, in that methods developed have been used extensively both understanding physics and exploiting them for device design.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Zane D. Crawford , Scott O'Connor , John Luginsland , B. Shanker

Computing-in-memory (CIM) has attracted significant attentions in recent years due to its massive parallelism and low power consumption. However, current CIM designs suffer from large area overhead of small CIM macros and bad programmablity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Shu-Hung Kuo , Tian-Sheuan Chang

The realization of quantum error correction protocols whose logical error rates are suppressed far below physical error rates relies on an intricate combination: the error-correcting code's efficiency, the syndrome extraction circuit's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Andrey Boris Khesin , Jonathan Z. Lu

Computer simulations have long been key to understanding and designing phase-change materials (PCMs) for memory technologies. Machine learning is now increasingly being used to accelerate the modelling of PCMs, and yet it remains…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-13 Yuxing Zhou , Daniel F. Thomas du Toit , Stephen R. Elliott , Wei Zhang , Volker L. Deringer

Flash memory is a non-volatile computer memory comprised of blocks of cells, wherein each cell can take on q different values or levels. While increasing the cell level is easy, reducing the level of a cell can be accomplished only by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-05-12 Hessam Mahdavifar , Paul H. Siegel , Alexander Vardy , Jack K. Wolf , Eitan Yaakobi

The discovery that memory of particle configurations and plastic events can be stored in amorphous solids subject to oscillatory shear has spurred research into methods for storing and retrieving information from these materials. However,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-03 Debjyoti Majumdar , Ido Regev

We investigate the integration of human-like working memory constraints into the Transformer architecture and implement several cognitively inspired attention variants, including fixed-width windows based and temporal decay based attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Pranava Madhyastha , Dagmar Adamcova

With the help of quantum mechanics one can formulate a model of associative memory with optimal storage capacity. I generalize this model by introducing a parameter playing the role of an effective temperature. The corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Carlo A. Trugenberger

We present the first Bayesian constraints on the single field inflationary reheating era obtained from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. After demonstrating that this epoch can be fully characterized by the so-called reheating…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Jerome Martin , Christophe Ringeval

A big open question in the quantum information theory concerns feasibility of a self-correcting quantum memory. A quantum state recorded in such memory can be stored reliably for a macroscopic time without need for active error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Sergey Bravyi , Jeongwan Haah

The high overhead of fault-tolerant measurement sequences (FTMSs) poses a major challenge for implementing quantum stabilizer codes. Here, we address this problem by constructing efficient FTMSs for the class of quantum Hamming codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Sha Shi , Xiao-Yang Xu , Min-Quan Cheng , Dong-Sheng Wang , Yun-Jiang Wang

This paper studies three classes of cellular automata from a computational point of view: freezing cellular automata where the state of a cell can only decrease according to some order on states, cellular automata where each cell only makes…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Nicolas Ollinger , Guillaume Theyssier

The recent development of differentiable simulation codes for particle accelerators has enabled gradient-based workflows that promise finer control and more realistic modeling of accelerator facilities. However, when using reverse-mode…

We propose a new Write-Once-Memory (WOM) coding scheme based on source polarization. By applying a source polarization transformation on the to-be-determined codeword, the proposed WOM coding scheme encodes information into the bits in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Xudong Ma