Related papers: On the Spanier Groups and Covering and Semicoverin…

We give a short proof that, for nice $X$, the based fundamental groupoid of $X$ with topology induced by the compact open topology on the space of paths, is indeed the universal covering space of $X$.

Covering spaces are a fundamental tool in algebraic topology because of the close relationship they bear with the fundamental groups of spaces. Indeed, they are in correspondence with the subgroups of the fundamental group: this is known as…

In his classical textbook on algebraic topology Edwin Spanier developed the theory of covering spaces within a more general framework of lifting spaces (i.e., Hurewicz fibrations with unique path-lifting property). Among other, Spanier…

Let $H$ be a subgroup of $\pi_{1}(X,x_{0})$. In this paper, we extend the concept of $X$ being SLT space to $H$-SLT space at $x_0$. First, we show that the fibers of the endpoint projection $p_{H}:\tilde{X}_{H}\rightarrow X$ are topological…

In this paper, by introducing some kind of small loop transfer spaces at a point, we study the behavior of topologized fundamental groups with the compact-open topology and the whisker topology, $\pi_{1}^{qtop}(X,x_{0})$ and…

Let $X$ be a path connected, locally path connected and semilocally simply connected space; let $\tilde{X}$ be its universal cover. We discuss the existence and description of a Haar system on the fundamental groupoid $\Pi_1(X)$ of $X$. The…

For a path connected, locally path connected and semilocally simply connected space $X$, let $\Pi_1(X)$ denote its topologised fundamental groupoid as established in the first article of this series. Let $\mathcal{E}$ be the category of…

The fundamental groupoid of a space becomes enriched over the category of topological spaces when the hom-sets are endowed with topologies intimately related to universal constructions of topological groups. This paper is devoted to a…

In this paper, we show that every topological group is a strong small loop transfer space at the identity element. This implies that the quasitopological fundamental group of a connected locally path connected topological group is a…

In this paper, we are interested in study subgroups of topologized fundamental groups and their influences on generalized covering maps. More precisely, we find some relationships between generalized covering subgroups and the other famous…

When non-trivial local structures are present in a topological space $X$, a common approach to characterizing the isomorphism type of the $n$-th homotopy group $\pi_n(X,x_0)$ is to consider the image of $\pi_n(X,x_0)$ in the $n$-th \v{C}ech…

This paper investigates the relationship between the hyperbolicity of complex quasi-projective varieties $X$ and the (topological) fundamental group $\pi_1(X)$ in the presence of a linear representation $\varrho: \pi_1(X) \to {\rm…

By generalizing the whisker topology on the $n$th homotopy group of pointed space $(X, x_0)$, denoted by $\pi_n^{wh}(X, x_0)$, we show that $\pi_n^{wh}(X, x_0)$ is a topological group if $n \ge 2$. Also, we present some necessary and…

Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian manifold. Suppose $M$ contains a bounded, concave, connected open set $U$ with $C^0$ boundary and $M\setminus U$ is connected. We assume that either the relative homotopy set $\pi_1(M,M\setminus U)=0$ or the…

In this paper, we study necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of categorical universal coverings using open covers of a given space $X$. As some applications, first we present a generalized version of the Shelah Theorem…

It is important to classify covering subgroups of the fundamental group of a topological space using their topological properties in the topologized fundamental group. In this paper, we introduce and study some topologies on the fundamental…

Let $X$ be a proper CAT($0$) space and $G$ a cocompact group of isometries of $X$ without fixed point at infinity. We prove that if $\partial X$ contains an invariant subset of circumradius $\pi/2$, then $X$ contains a quasi-dense, closed…

Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two, and let ${G}$ be a connected semisimple affine algebraic group defined over $\mathbb C$. For any $\delta \in \pi_1({G})$, we prove that the moduli space of semistable…

A perforated surface is the complement $\mathring\Sigma:=\Sigma\setminus A$ of a countable dense subset $A$ in a connected paracompact surface $\Sigma$. It is known that the topological type of $\Sigma\setminus A$ is independent of the…

This paper is the extended version of some results in [13, 14]. Let H be a subgroup of fundamental group. The first paper of the paper is devoted to studying weaker conditions under which homotopically Hausdorff relative to H becomes…