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A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most 1. The equitable chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_=(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-02 Zhidan Yan , Wei Wang

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most 1. The equitable chromatic threshold of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_=^*(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is equitably…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-10 Zhidan Yan , Wei Wang

A proper vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic threshold $\chi_{eq}^*(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that $G$ is equitably $n$-colorable for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-21 Rong Luo , Jean-Sébastien Sereni , D. Christopher Stephens , Gexin Yu

Let $r \geqslant 0$ and $k \geqslant 1$ be integers. We say that a graph $G$ has an $r$-equitable $k$-coloring if there exists a proper $k$-coloring of $G$ such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most $r$. The least $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-09 Chih-Hung Yen

An equitable coloring is a proper coloring of a graph such that the sizes of the color classes differ by at most one. A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if there exists an equitable coloring of $G$ which uses $k$ colors, each one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Michael J. Pelsmajer

If the vertices of a graph $G$ are colored with $k$ colors such that no adjacent vertices receive the same color and the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one, then $G$ is said to be equitably $k$-colorable. Let $|G|$ denote…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-27 Bor-Liang Chen , Kuo-Ching Huang , Ko-Wei Lih

For a graph $G$, the \emph{equitable chromatic number} of $G$, denoted by $\chi_e(G)$, is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ admits a proper $k$-coloring whose color classes differ in size by at most one. We prove that for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Amir Nikabadi

A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest integer $k$ for which such a coloring exists…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-04-21 Hanna Furmańczyk , Marek Kubale

A $q$-\emph{equitable coloring} of a graph $G$ is a proper $q$-coloring such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In contrast with ordinary coloring, a graph may have an equitable $q$-coloring but has no equitable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-19 Keaitsuda Maneeruk Nakprasit , Kittikorn Nakprasit

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of all color classes differ by at most $1$. For a list assignment $L$ of $k$ colors to each vertex of an $n$-vertex graph $G$, an equitable $L$-coloring of $G$ is a proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

An equitable coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a (proper) vertex-coloring of $G$, such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In this paper, we consider the equitable coloring problem in block graphs. Recall that the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Hanna Furmańczyk , Vahan Mkrtchyan

A graph $G$ is $r$-equitably $k$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets, any two of which differ in size by at most $r$. The $r$-equitable chromatic threshold of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_{r=}^*(G)$, is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-09 Wei Wang , Zhidan Yan , Xin Zhang

A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest $k$ for which such a coloring exists is known as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-25 Hanna Furmañczyk , Marek Kubale , Vahan V. Mkrtchyan

A proper coloring of vertices of a graph is equitable if the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most 1. Such colorings have many applications and are interesting by themselves. In this paper, we discuss the state of art and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

In many practical applications the underlying graph must be as equitable colored as possible. A coloring is called equitable if the number of vertices colored with each color differs by at most one, and the least number of colors for which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Emanuel Florentin Olariu , Cristian Frasinaru

This paper introduces a new variant of domination-related coloring of graphs, which is a combination of their dominator coloring and equitable coloring called the equitable dominator coloring. An equitable coloring is a proper coloring in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Phebe Sarah George , S. Madhumitha , Sudev Naduvath

An equitable coloring of a graph is a proper coloring where the sizes of any two different color classes do not differ by more than one. A graph is IC-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that no two crossed edges have a common…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Weichan Liu

A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-choosable if, for any given $k$-uniform list assignment $L$, $G$ is $L$-colorable and each color appears on at most $\lceil\frac{|V(G)|}{k}\rceil$ vertices. A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if the vertex set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Aijun Dong , Jianliang Wu

A proper vertex coloring of the graph $G$ such that each vertex dominates at least one color class and the cardinalities of the color classes differ by at most $1$ is called an equitable dominator coloring of $G$. The minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Phebe Sarah George , Sudev Naduvath

A proper $k$-coloring of vertices of an $n$-vertex graph is equitable if the size of every color class is $\lfloor n/k\rfloor$ or $\lceil n/k\rceil$. An extension of it to list coloring requires only that the size of every color class is at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang
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