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We demonstrate the feasibility of studying dunes in a laboratory experiment. It is shown that an initial sand pile, under a wind flow carrying sand, flattens and gets a shape recalling barchan dunes. An evolution law is proposed for the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 O. Dauchot , F. Lechenault , C. Gasquet , F. Daviaud

Transverse dunes appear in regions of mainly unidirectional wind and high sand availability. A dune model is extended to two dimensional calculation of the shear stress. It is applied to simulate dynamics and morphology of transverse dunes…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-24 Veit Schwämmle , Hans J. Herrmann

Dunes are bedforms found on sandy terrains shaped by fluid flow on Earth, Mars, and other celestial bodies. Despite their prevalence, understanding dune dynamics at the grain scale is challenging due to the vast number of grains involved.…

Dune fields are commonly associated with periodic patterns that are among the most recognizable landscapes on Earth and other planetary bodies. However, in zones of limited sediment supply, where periodic dunes elongate and align in the…

In zones of loose sand, wind-blown sand dunes emerge due the linear instability of a flat sedimentary bed. This instability has been studied in experiments and numerical models but rarely in the field, due to the large time and length…

Cells can often choose among several stably heritable phenotypes. Examples are the expression of genes in eukaryotic cells where long chromosomal regions can adopt persistent and heritable silenced or active states, that may be associated…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-18 Mille A. Micheelsen , Namiko Mitarai , Kim Sneppen , Ian. B. Dodd

We review the main processes that drive the morphodynamics of dunes, i.e. their growth in height, migration and elongation, and emphasise the contribution of experiments to the understanding of these mechanisms. The main control parameters…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-08 P. Claudin , S. Courrech du Pont , C. Narteau

We apply two independent data analysis methodologies to locate stable climate states in an intermediate complexity climate model and analyze their interplay. First, drawing from the theory of quasipotentials, and viewing the state space as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Georgios Margazoglou , Tobias Grafke , Alessandro Laio , Valerio Lucarini

A bifurcation analysis of dune shape transition is made. By use of a reduced model of dune morphodynamics, dune skeleton model, we elucidate the transition mechanism between different shapes of dunes under unidirectional wind. It was found…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2016-09-09 Hirofumi Niiya , Akinori Awazu , Hiraku Nishimori

Sand fences are often erected to reduce wind speed, prevent aeolian soil erosion, and induce sand deposition and dune formation in areas affected by sand encroachment and desertification. However, the search for the most efficient array of…

Barchan dunes are found where sand availability is low and wind direction quite constant. The two dimensional shear stress of the wind field and the sand movement by saltation and avalanches over a barchan dune are simulated. The resulting…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Schwaemmle , H. Herrmann

Barchan dunes were found to transform into parabolic dunes and vice versa when the amount of vegetation on and around them changes. This work presents the first numerical simulation of this effect. We propose a continuum model for the…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 O. Duran , V. Schatz , H. J. Herrmann , H. Tsoar

The simplest type of dune is the transverse one, which propagates with invariant profile orthogonally to a fixed wind direction. Here we show numerically and with a linear stability analysis that transverse dunes are unstable with respect…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-05-30 Eric J. R. Parteli , José S. Andrade , Hans J. Herrmann

In nature, barchan dunes typically exist as members of larger fields that display striking, enigmatic structures that cannot be readily explained by examining the dynamics at the scale of single dunes, or by appealing to patterns in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-07-15 S. Worman , A. B. Murray , R. Littlewood , B. Andreotti , P. Claudin

The response of dynamical systems to varying conditions and disturbances is a fundamental aspect of their analysis. In spatially extended systems, particularly in pattern-forming systems, there are many possible responses, including…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2017-03-02 Yuval R. Zelnik , Ehud Meron , Golan Bel

Drylands are pattern-forming systems showing self-organized vegetation patchiness, multiplicity of stable states and fronts separating domains of alternative stable states. Pattern dynamics, induced by droughts or disturbances, can result…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2014-03-05 Yuval R. Zelnik , Shai Kinast , Hezi Yizhaq , Golan Bel , Ehud Meron

The collision processes of two crescentic dunes called barchans are systematically studied using a simple computer simulation model. The simulated processes, coalescence, ejection and reorganization, qualitatively correspond to those…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Atsunari Katsuki , Hiraku Nishimori , Noritaka Endo , Keisuke Taniguchi

Barchans are crescent-shaped sand dunes forming in aride regions with unidirectional wind and limited sand supply. We report analytical and numerical results for dune shapes under different environmental conditions as obtained from the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 Klaus Kroy , Sebastian Fischer , Benedikt Obermayer

We present in this paper a simplification of the dune model proposed by Sauermann et al. which keeps the basic mechanisms but allows analytical and parametric studies. Two kinds of purely propagative two dimensional solutions are exhibited:…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-24 Bruno Andreotti , Philippe Claudin

We present a simple one-dimensional model to describe the evolution of a transverse dune field. The model is characterized by the distances between the dunes and their heights, which determine the inter-dune sand flux. The model reproduces…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-29 E. J. R. Parteli , H. J. Herrmann