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Modelling compositional meaning for sentences using empirical distributional methods has been a challenge for computational linguists. We implement the abstract categorical model of Coecke et al. (arXiv:1003.4394v1 [cs.CL]) using data from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Edward Grefenstette , Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh

Many machine learning algorithms represent input data with vector embeddings or discrete codes. When inputs exhibit compositional structure (e.g. objects built from parts or procedures from subroutines), it is natural to ask whether this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Jacob Andreas

In the domain of unsupervised learning most work on speech has focused on discovering low-level constructs such as phoneme inventories or word-like units. In contrast, for written language, where there is a large body of work on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Grzegorz Chrupała , Lieke Gelderloos , Ákos Kádár , Afra Alishahi

A common practice in large language model (LLM) usage for complex analytical tasks such as code generation, is to sample a solution for the entire task within the model's context window. Previous works have shown that subtask decomposition…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yotam Wolf , Binyamin Rothberg , Dorin Shteyman , Amnon Shashua

Distributional word representation methods exploit word co-occurrences to build compact vector encodings of words. While these representations enjoy widespread use in modern natural language processing, it is unclear whether they accurately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Li Lucy , Jon Gauthier

This work proposes a novel methodology for measuring compositional behavior in contemporary language embedding models. Specifically, we focus on adjectival modifier phenomena in adjective-noun phrases. In recent years, distributional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Danilo S. Carvalho , Edoardo Manino , Julia Rozanova , Lucas Cordeiro , André Freitas

A significant amount of information in today's world is stored in structured and semi-structured knowledge bases. Efficient and simple methods to query them are essential and must not be restricted to only those who have expertise in formal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Aishwarya Kamath , Rajarshi Das

Different from previous surveys in semantic parsing (Kamath and Das, 2018) and knowledge base question answering(KBQA)(Chakraborty et al., 2019; Zhu et al., 2019; Hoffner et al., 2017) we try to takes a different perspective on the study of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Pawan Kumar , Srikanta Bedathur

Large Language Models are built on the so-called distributional semantic approach to linguistic meaning that has the distributional hypothesis at its core. The distributional hypothesis involves a holistic conception of word meaning: the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jumbly Grindrod , J. D. Porter , Nat Hansen

Building software-driven systems that are easily understood becomes a challenge, with their ever-increasing complexity and autonomy. Accordingly, recent research efforts strive to aid in designing explainable systems. Nevertheless, a common…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Dimitri Bohlender , Maximilian A. Köhl

Rewriting logic is naturally concurrent: several subterms of the state term can be rewritten simultaneously. But state terms are global, which makes compositionality difficult to achieve. Compositionality here means being able to decompose…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Óscar Martín , Alberto Verdejo , Narciso Martí-Oliet

Compositionality has traditionally been understood as a major factor in productivity of language and, more broadly, human cognition. Yet, recently, some research started to question its status, showing that artificial neural networks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Michal Auersperger , Pavel Pecina

Recent findings in multi-agent deep learning systems point towards the emergence of compositional languages. These claims are often made without exact analysis or testing of the language. In this work, we analyze the emergent language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Bence Keresztury , Elia Bruni

Text classification is one of the most widely studied tasks in natural language processing. Motivated by the principle of compositionality, large multilayer neural network models have been employed for this task in an attempt to effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Devendra Singh Sachan , Manzil Zaheer , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Compositional generalization refers to the ability to generalize to novel combinations of previously observed words and syntactic structures. Since it is regarded as a desired property of neural models, recent work has assessed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Ryoma Kumon , Daiki Matsuoka , Hitomi Yanaka

This paper proposes a simple test for compositionality (i.e., literal usage) of a word or phrase in a context-specific way. The test is computationally simple, relying on no external resources and only uses a set of trained word vectors.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Hongyu Gong , Suma Bhat , Pramod Viswanath

Compositional vector space models of meaning promise new solutions to stubborn language understanding problems. This paper makes two contributions toward this end: (i) it uses automatically-extracted paraphrase examples as a source of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Avneesh Saluja , Chris Dyer , Jean-David Ruvini

Despite ample evidence that our concepts, our cognitive architecture, and mathematics itself are all deeply compositional, few models take advantage of this structure. We therefore propose a radically compositional approach to computational…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-18 Toby B. St Clere Smithe

This work lists and describes the main recent strategies for building fixed-length, dense and distributed representations for words, based on the distributional hypothesis. These representations are now commonly called word embeddings and,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Felipe Almeida , Geraldo Xexéo

According to the distributional inclusion hypothesis, entailment between words can be measured via the feature inclusions of their distributional vectors. In recent work, we showed how this hypothesis can be extended from words to phrases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-17 Dimitri Kartsaklis , Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh