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In equilibrium and supercooled liquids, polymorphism is manifested by thermodynamic regions defined in the phase diagram, which are predominantly of different short- and medium-range order (local structure). It is found that on the phase…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-19 Anatolii V. Mokshin , Roman V. Vlasov

In simulations of a water-like model (ST2) that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition, we test for the occurrence of a thermodynamic region in which the liquid can be modelled as a two-component mixture. We assign each molecule to one…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-03-24 Megan J. Cuthbertson , Peter H. Poole

The presence of a second critical point in water has been a topic of intense investigation for the last few decades. The molecular origins underlying this phenomenon are typically rationalized in terms of the competition between local…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-11 Edward Danquah Donkor , Adu Offei-Danso , Alex Rodriguez , Francesco Sciortino , Ali Hassanali

Over the last decade, an increasing body of evidence has emerged, supporting the existence of a metastable liquid-liquid critical point in supercooled water, whereby two distinct liquid phases of different densities coexist. Analysing long…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-20 Cesare Malosso , Natalia Manko , Maria Grazia Izzo , Stefano Baroni , Ali Hassanali

Relations between the thermodynamics and dynamics of supercooled liquids approaching a glass transition have been proposed over many years. The potential energy surface of model liquids has been increasingly studied since it provides a…

In the supercooled regime at elevated pressure two forms of liquid water, high-density (HDL) and low-density (LDL), have been proposed to be separated by a coexistence line ending at a critical point, but a connection to ambient conditions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-06-27 K. T. Wikfeldt , A. Nilsson , L. G. M. Pettersson

Liquid water has anomalous liquid properties, such as its density maximum at 4\degree C. An attempt at theoretical explanation proposes a liquid-liquid phase transition line in the supercooled liquid state, with coexisting low-density (LDL)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-09-04 Peter Mausbach , Helge-Otmar May , George Ruppeiner

Water is an unique material with a long list of thermodynamic, dynamic and structural anomalies, which are usually attributed to the competition between two characteristic length scales in the intermolecular interaction. It has been argued…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-25 Murilo S. Marques , Vinicius Fonseca Hernandes , Enrique Lomba , J. Rafael Bordin

Many-body interactions can play a relevant role in water properties. Here we study by Monte Carlo simulations a coarse-grained model for bulk water that includes many-body interactions associated to water cooperativity. The model is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-04 Luis Enrique Coronas , Valentino Bianco , Arne Zantop , Giancarlo Franzese

Diffusivity, a measure for how rapidly a fluid self-mixes, shows an intimate, but seemingly fragmented, connection to thermodynamics. On one hand, the "configurational" contribution to entropy (related to the number of mechanically-stable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeetain Mittal , Jeffrey R. Errington , Thomas M. Truskett

In supercooled liquids, at a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the melting point Tm, thermodynamic properties remain continuous, while dynamic behavior exhibits anomalies. The origin of such thermodynamics-dynamic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-17 X. R. Tian , D. M. Zhang , B. Zhang , D. Y. Sun , X. G. Gong

We propose a unified model combining the first-order liquid-liquid and the second-order ferroelectric phase transitions models and explaining various features of the $\lambda$-point of liquid water within a single theoretical framework. It…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-01-31 Peter O. Fedichev , Leonid I. Menshikov

We regularize the potential distribution framework to calculate the excess free energy of liquid water simulated with the BLYP-D density functional. The calculated free energy is in fair agreement with experiments but the excess internal…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Valéry Weber , D. Asthagiri

This paper extends our earlier studies of free energy functions of density and crystalline order parameters for models of supercooled water, which allows us to examine the possibility of two distinct metastable liquid phases [J. Chem. Phys.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-15 David T. Limmer , David Chandler

A recent experiment [K. H. Kim, et al., Science 370, 978 (2020)] showed that it may be possible to detect a liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) in supercooled water by subjecting high density amorphous ice (HDA) to ultrafast heating,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-24 Nicolas Giovambattista , Peter H. Poole

Tetrahedral liquids such as water and silica-melt show unusual thermodynamic behavior such as a density maximum and an increase in specific-heat when cooled to low temperatures. There is a debate in the literature whether these phenomena…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-08-10 Itamar Procaccia , Ido Regev

A popular hypothesis that explains the anomalies of supercooled water is the existence of a metastable liquid-liquid transition hidden below the line of homogeneous nucleation. If this transition exists and if it is terminated by a critical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-08-25 John W. Biddle , Vincent Holten , Mikhail A. Anisimov

We analyze the nature of the structural order established in liquid TIP4P water in the framework provided by the multi-particle correlation expansion of the statistical entropy. Different regimes are mapped onto the phase diagram of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-10-25 Rubens Esposito , Franz Saija , A. Marco Saitta , Paolo V. Giaquinta

The thermodynamic properties of the supercooled liquid state of the mW model of water show anomalous behavior. Like in real water, the heat capacity and compressibility sharply increase upon supercooling. One of the possible explanations of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-05-02 Vincent Holten , David T. Limmer , Valeria Molinero , Mikhail A. Anisimov

The distinctive characteristics of water, evident in its thermodynamic anomalies, have implications across disciplines from biology to geophysics. Considered a valid hypothesis to rationalize its unique properties, a liquid-liquid phase…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-08 Maria Grazia Izzo , John Russo , Giorgio Pastore