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Building on the experience of the high-resolution community with the suite of VLT high-resolution spectrographs, which has been tremendously successful, we outline here the (science) case for a high-fidelity, high-resolution spectrograph…

RISTRETTO is a visible high-resolution spectrograph fed by an extreme adaptive optics (XAO) system, to be proposed as a visitor instrument on ESO VLT. The main science goal of RISTRETTO is the detection and atmospheric characterization of…

The Epoch of Reionization Spectrometer (EoR-Spec) is an upcoming Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) instrument designed to study the evolution of the early universe (z = 3.5 to 8) by probing the redshifted [CII] 158 $\mu$m fine-structure line…

The GPU-based High-order adaptive OpticS Testbench (GHOST) at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a new 2-stage extreme adaptive optics (XAO) testbench at ESO. The GHOST is designed to investigate and evaluate new control methods…

MICADO will be the first-light wide-field imager for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) and will provide difiraction limited imaging (7mas at 1.2mm) over a ~53 arcsecond field of view. In order to support various consortium…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Kieran Leschinski , Oliver Czoske , Rainer Köhler , Michael Mach , Werner Zeilinger , Gijs Verdoes Kleijn , Joao Alves , Wolfgang Kausch , Norbert Przybilla

High-resolution absorption spectroscopy toward bright background sources has had a paramount role in understanding early galaxy formation, the evolution of the intergalactic medium and the reionisation of the Universe. However, these…

Since its emergence two decades ago, astrophotonics has found broad application in scientific instruments at many institutions worldwide. The case for astrophotonics becomes more compelling as telescopes push for AO-assisted,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 Joss Bland-Hawthorn , Sergio Leon-Saval

The proposed US Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) Program would secure national open access to at least 25% of the observing time on the Thirty Meter Telescope in the north and the Giant Magellan Telescope in the south. ELTs would advance…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-18 Michael H. Wong , Karen J. Meech , Mark Dickinson , Thomas Greathouse , Richard J. Cartwright , Nancy Chanover , Matthew S. Tiscareno

The eShel, an off-the-shelf, fiber-fed echelle spectrograph ($R \approx 10,000$), was installed on the 1m telescope at the Wise observatory in Israel. We report the installation of the multi-order spectrograph, and describe our pipeline to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 Michael Engel , Sahar Shahaf , Tsevi Mazeh

Massive young stellar objects are known to undergo an evolutionary phase in which high mass accretion rates drive strong outflows. A class of objects believed to trace this phase accurately is the GLIMPSE Extended Green Object (EGO) sample,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-01 Allison P. M. Towner , Crystal L. Brogan , Todd R. Hunter , Claudia J. Cyganowski , Rachel K. Friesen

Wide-field multi-object spectroscopy is a high priority for European astronomy over the next decade. Most 8-10m telescopes have a small field of view, making 4-m class telescopes a particularly attractive option for wide-field instruments.…

MSE is an 11.25m aperture observatory with a 1.5 square degree field of view that will be fully dedicated to multi-object spectroscopy. More than 3200 fibres will feed spectrographs operating at low (R ~ 2000 - 3500) and moderate (R ~ 6000)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-02 Alan McConnachie , Carine Babusiaux , Michael Balogh , Simon Driver , Pat Côté , Helene Courtois , Luke Davies , Laura Ferrarese , Sarah Gallagher , Rodrigo Ibata , Nicolas Martin , Aaron Robotham , Kim Venn , Eva Villaver , Jo Bovy , Alessandro Boselli , Matthew Colless , Johan Comparat , Kelly Denny , Pierre-Alain Duc , Sara Ellison , Richard de Grijs , Mirian Fernandez-Lorenzo , Ken Freeman , Raja Guhathakurta , Patrick Hall , Andrew Hopkins , Mike Hudson , Andrew Johnson , Nick Kaiser , Jun Koda , Iraklis Konstantopoulos , George Koshy , Khee-Gan Lee , Adi Nusser , Anna Pancoast , Eric Peng , Celine Peroux , Patrick Petitjean , Christophe Pichon , Bianca Poggianti , Carlo Schmid , Prajval Shastri , Yue Shen , Chris Willot , Scott Croom , Rosine Lallement , Carlo Schimd , Dan Smith , Matthew Walker , Jon Willis , Alessandro Bosselli Matthew Colless , Aruna Goswami , Matt Jarvis , Eric Jullo , Jean-Paul Kneib , Iraklis Konstantopoloulous , Jeff Newman , Johan Richard , Firoza Sutaria , Edwar Taylor , Ludovic van Waerbeke , Giuseppina Battaglia , Pat Hall , Misha Haywood , Charli Sakari , Carlo Schmid , Arnaud Seibert , Sivarani Thirupathi , Yuting Wang , Yiping Wang , Ferdinand Babas , Steve Bauman , Elisabetta Caffau , Mary Beth Laychak , David Crampton , Daniel Devost , Nicolas Flagey , Zhanwen Han , Clare Higgs , Vanessa Hill , Kevin Ho , Sidik Isani , Shan Mignot , Rick Murowinski , Gajendra Pandey , Derrick Salmon , Arnaud Siebert , Doug Simons , Else Starkenburg , Kei Szeto , Brent Tully , Tom Vermeulen , Kanoa Withington , Nobuo Arimoto , Martin Asplund , Herve Aussel , Michele Bannister , Harish Bhatt , SS Bhargavi , John Blakeslee , Joss Bland-Hawthorn , James Bullock , Denis Burgarella , Tzu-Ching Chang , Andrew Cole , Jeff Cooke , Andrew Cooper , Paola Di Matteo , Ginevra Favole , Hector Flores , Bryan Gaensler , Peter Garnavich , Karoline Gilbert , Rosa Gonzalez-Delgado , Puragra Guhathakurta , Guenther Hasinger , Falk Herwig , Narae Hwang , Pascale Jablonka , Matthew Jarvis , Umanath Kamath , Lisa Kewley , Damien Le Borgne , Geraint Lewis , Robert Lupton , Sarah Martell , Mario Mateo , Olga Mena , David Nataf , Jeffrey Newman , Enrique Pérez , Francisco Prada , Mathieu Puech , Alejandra Recio-Blanco , Annie Robin , Will Saunders , Daniel Smith , C. S. Stalin , Charling Tao , Karun Thanjuvur , Laurence Tresse , Ludo van Waerbeke , Jian-Min Wang , David Yong , Gongbo Zhao , Patrick Boisse , James Bolton , Piercarlo Bonifacio , Francois Bouchy , Len Cowie , Katia Cunha , Magali Deleuil , Ernst de Mooij , Patrick Dufour , Sebastien Foucaud , Karl Glazebrook , John Hutchings , Chiaki Kobayashi , Rolf-Peter Kudritzki , Yang-Shyang Li , Lihwai Lin , Yen-Ting Lin , Martin Makler , Norio Narita , Changbom Park , Ryan Ransom , Swara Ravindranath , Bacham Eswar Reddy , Marcin Sawicki , Luc Simard , Raghunathan Srianand , Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann , Keiichi Umetsu , Ting-Gui Wang , Jong-Hak Woo , Xue-Bing Wu

The powerful combination of the cutting-edge multi-object spectrograph MOSAIC with the world largest telescope, the ELT, will allow us to probe deeper into the Universe than was possible. MOSAIC is an extremely efficient instrument in…

We present a status update for MagAO-X, a 2000 actuator, 3.6 kHz adaptive optics and coronagraph system for the Magellan Clay 6.5 m telescope. MagAO-X is optimized for high contrast imaging at visible wavelengths. Our primary science goals…

We present recent results obtained with the VLT/MUSE Integral Field Spectrograph fed by the 4LGSF and its laser tomography adaptive optics module GALACSI. While this so-called narrow-field mode of MUSE was not designed to perform directly…

SAXO+ is a planned enhancement of the existing SAXO, the VLT/ SPHERE adaptive optics system, deployed on ESO's Very Large Telescope. This upgrade is designed to significantly enhance the instrument's capacity to detect and analyze young…

Einstein Telescope (ET) is the European project for a gravitational-wave (GW) observatory of third-generation. In this paper we present a comprehensive discussion of its science objectives, providing state-of-the-art predictions for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-15 Adrian Abac , Raul Abramo , Simone Albanesi , Angelica Albertini , Alessandro Agapito , Michalis Agathos , Conrado Albertus , Nils Andersson , Tomas Andrade , Igor Andreoni , Federico Angeloni , Marco Antonelli , John Antoniadis , Fabio Antonini , Manuel Arca Sedda , M. Celeste Artale , Stefano Ascenzi , Pierre Auclair , Matteo Bachetti , Charles Badger , Biswajit Banerjee , David Barba-Gonzalez , Daniel Barta , Nicola Bartolo , Andreas Bauswein , Andrea Begnoni , Freija Beirnaert , Michal Bejger , Enis Belgacem , Nicola Bellomo , Laura Bernard , Maria Grazia Bernardini , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Christopher P. L. Berry , Emanuele Berti , Gianfranco Bertone , Dario Bettoni , Miguel Bezares , Swetha Bhagwat , Sofia Bisero , Marie Anne Bizouard , Jose J. Blanco-Pillado , Simone Blasi , Alice Bonino , Alice Borghese , Ssohrab Borhanian , Elisa Bortolas , Maria Teresa Botticella , Marica Branchesi , Matteo Breschi , Richard Brito , Enzo Brocato , Floor S. Broekgaarden , Tomasz Bulik , Alessandra Buonanno , Fiorella Burgio , Adam Burrows , Gianluca Calcagni , Sofia Canevarolo , Enrico Cappellaro , Giulia Capurri , Carmelita Carbone , Roberto Casadio , Ramiro Cayuso , Pablo Cerda-Duran , Prasanta Char , Sylvain Chaty , Tommaso Chiarusi , Martyna Chruslinska , Francesco Cireddu , Philippa Cole , Alberto Colombo , Monica Colpi , Geoffrey Compere , Carlo Contaldi , Maxence Corman , Francesco Crescimbeni , Sergio Cristallo , Elena Cuoco , Giulia Cusin , Tito Dal Canton , Gergely Dalya , Paolo D'Avanzo , Nazanin Davari , Valerio De Luca , Viola De Renzis , Massimo Della Valle , Walter Del Pozzo , Federico De Santi , Alessio Ludovico De Santis , Tim Dietrich , Ema Dimastrogiovanni , Guillem Domenech , Daniela Doneva , Marco Drago , Ulyana Dupletsa , Hannah Duval , Irina Dvorkin , Nancy Elias-Rosa , Stephen Fairhurst , Anthea F. Fantina , Matteo Fasiello , Maxime Fays , Rob Fender , Tobias Fischer , Francois Foucart , Tassos Fragos , Stefano Foffa , Gabriele Franciolini , Jacopo Fumagalli , Jonathan Gair , Rossella Gamba , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Cecilio Garcia-Quiros , Laszlo Arpad Gergely , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , Archisman Ghosh , Bruno Giacomazzo , Fabian Gittins , Ines Francesca Giudice , Boris Goncharov , Alejandra Gonzalez , Stephane Goriely , Luca Graziani , Giuseppe Greco , Leonardo Gualtieri , Gianluca Maria Guidi , Ish Gupta , Maria Haney , Mark Hannam , Jan Harms , Arus Harutyunyan , Brynmor Haskell , Andreas Haungs , Nandini Hazra , Gary Hemming , Ik Siong Heng , Tanja Hinderer , Alexander van der Horst , Qian Hu , Sascha Husa , Francesco Iacovelli , Giulia Illuminati , Gianluca Inguglia , David Izquierdo Villalba , Justin Janquart , Kamiel Janssens , Alexander C. Jenkins , Ian Jones , Balazs Kacskovics , Ralf S. Klessen , Kostas Kokkotas , Hao-Jui Kuan , Sumit Kumar , Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Danny Laghi , Astrid Lamberts , Gaetano Lambiase , Francois Larrouturou , Paola Leaci , Michele Lenzi , Andrew Levan , T. G. F. Li , Yufeng Li , Dicong Liang , Marco Limongi , Boyuan Liu , Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada , Eleonora Loffredo , Oliver Long , Eva Lope-Oter , Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos , Elisa Maggio , Michele Maggiore , Michele Mancarella , Michela Mapelli , Pablo Marchant , Annarita Margiotta , Alberto Mariotti , Alisha Marriott-Best , Sylvain Marsat , Gabriel Martinez-Pinedo , Andrea Maselli , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Isabela Matos , Andrea Melandri , Raissa F. P. Mendes , Josiel Mendonca Soares de Souza , Giorgio Mentasti , Mar Mezcua , Philipp Mosta , Chiranjib Mondal , Michele Moresco , Tista Mukherjee , Niccolo Muttoni , Alessandro Nagar , Harsh Narola , Lara Nava , Pablo Navarro Moreno , Gijs Nelemans , Alex B. Nielsen , Samaya Nissanke , Martin Obergaulinger , Micaela Oertel , Gor Oganesyan , Francesca Onori , Costantino Pacilio , Giulia Pagliaroli , Cristiano Palomba , Peter T. H. Pang , Paolo Pani , Lucia Papalini , Barbara Patricelli , Alessandro Patruno , Alessandro Pedrotti , Albino Perego , Maria Angeles Perez-Garcia , Carole Perigois , Gabriele Perna , Celine Peroux , J. Perret , Delphine Perrodin , Alessandro Pesci , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Ornella Juliana Piccinni , Mauro Pieroni , Silvia Piranomonte , Lorenzo Pompili , E. K. Porter , Rafael A. Porto , Adam Pound , Jade Powell , Mathieu Puech , Geraint Pratten , Anna Puecher , Oriol Pujolas , Miguel Quartin , Adriana R. Raduta , Antoni Ramos-Buades , Aaron Rase , Massimiliano Razzano , Nanda Rea , Tania Regimbau , Arianna Renzini , Piero Rettegno , Angelo Ricciardone , Antonio Riotto , Alba Romero-Rodriguez , Samuele Ronchini , Dorota Rosinska , Andrea Rossi , Soumen Roy , Diego Rubiera-Garcia , J. Rubio , Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente , Violetta Sagun , Mairi Sakellariadou , Om Sharan Salafia , Anuradha Samajdar , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , Andrea Sanna , Filippo Santoliquido , Bangalore Sathyaprakash , Patricia Schmidt , Stefano Schmidt , Fabian R. N. Schneider , Raffaella Schneider , Armen Sedrakian , Geraldine Servant , Alexander Sevrin , Lijing Shao , Hector O. Silva , Peera Simakachorn , Stephen Smartt , Thomas P. Sotiriou , Mario Spera , Antonio Stamerra , Daniele A. Steer , Jan Steinhoff , Nikolaos Stergioulas , Riccardo Sturani , Duvier Suarez , Jishnu Suresh , Shaun Swain , Matteo Tagliazucchi , Nicola Tamanini , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Thomas M. Tauris , Jacopo Tissino , Giovanni Maria Tomaselli , Silvia Toonen , Alejandro Torres-Forne , Cezary Turski , Cristiano Ugolini , Elias C. Vagenas , Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi , Elena Valenti , Rosa Valiante , Chris Van Den Broeck , Maarten van de Meent , Lieke A. C. van Son , Miguel Vanvlasselaer , Massimo Vaglio , Vijay Varma , John Veitch , Ville Vaskonen , Susanna D. Vergani , Milan Wils , Helvi Witek , Isaac C. F. Wong , Stoytcho Yazadjiev , Garvin Yim , Fausto Acernese , Hojae Ahn , Annalisa Allocca , Alex Amato , Marc Andres-Carcasona , Guerino Avallone , Markus Bachlechner , Patrick Baer , Stefano Bagnasco , Gabriele Balbi , Fabrizio Barone , Eugenio Benedetti , Charlotte Benning , Simone Bini , Jose Luis Blazquez Salcedo , Valerio Bozza , Matteo Bruno , Timo Butz , Matteo Califano , Enrico Calloni , Giovanni Carapella , Alessandro Cardini , Shreevathsa Chalathadka Subrahmanya , Francesco Chiadini , Antonino Chiummo , Spina Cianetti , Giacomo Ciani , Eugenio Coccia , Andrea Contu , Robin Cornelissen , Andrea Cozzumbo , Lewis Croney , Mariateresa Crosta , Rocco D'Agostino , Stefan Danilishin , Sabrina D'Antonio , Jorden De Bolle , Jerome Degallaix , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Riccardo della Monica , Francesco De Marco , Ivan de Martino , Rosario De Rosa , Riccardo De Salvo , Roberta De Simone , Christophe Detavernier , Giovanni Diaferia , Martina Di Cesare , Luciano Di Fiore , Matteo Di Giovanni , Sibilla Di Pace , Jennifer Docherty , Domenico D'Urso , Oussama El Mecherfi , Luciano Errico , Federica Fabrizi , Viviana Fafone , Viviana Fanti , Rosalba Fittipaldi , Vincenzo Fiumara , Andreas Freise , Stefan Funk , Mika Gaedtke , Fabio Garufi , Oliver Gerberding , Edoardo Giangrandi , Carlo Giunchi , Victoria Graham , Massimo Granata , Veronica Granata , Anna Green , Karen Haughian , Lavinia Heisenberg , Margot Hennig , Stefan Hild , Van Long Hoang , Nathan Holland , Gerardo Iannone , Katharina-Sophie Isleif , Robert Joppe , Chang-Hee Kim , Chunglee Kim , Kyungmin Kim , Erika Korb , Mikhail Korobko , Luise Kranzhoff , Tim Kuhlbusch , Gregoire Lacaille , Angelique Lartaux-Vollard , Lia Lavezzi , Paul Laycock , Sumi Lee , Sumin Lee , Sungho Lee , Giovanni Losurdo , Leonardo Lucchesi , Harald Luck , Adrian Macquet , Ettore Majorana , Valentina Mangano , Filippo Martelli , Iain Martin , Mario Martinez , Alberto Masoni , Luca Massaro , Daniele Melini , Amata Mercurio , Lorenzo Mereni , Andrew L. Miller , Lorenzo Mirasola , Alexandra Mitchell , Irene Molinari , Matteo Montani , Conor Mow-Lowry , Riccardo Murgia , Peter Gordon Murray , Giuseppe Muscas , Luca Naticchioni , Ardiana Nela , Marina Nery , Tom Niggemann , Niklas Nippe , Jerome Novak , Armin Numic , Marco Olivieri , Marco Orsini , June Gyu Park , Daniela Pascucci , Antonio Perreca , Francesco Piergiovanni , Vincenzo Pierro , Laurent Pinard , Innocenzo Pinto , Michele Punturo , Paola Puppo , Francesco Quochi , Reinhardt Omondi Rading , Piero Rapagnani , Marco Ricci , Davi Rodrigues , Rocco Romano , Davide Rozza , Pooya Saffarieh , Federica Santucci , Steven Schramm , Benjamin Schwab , Valeria Sequino , Liam Shelling Neto , Laura Silenzi , Alicia M. Sintes , Carlos F. Sopuerta , Andrew Spencer , Achim Stahl , Jessica Steinlechner , Sebastian Steinlechner , Robert Szabo , Thomas Thummler , Emanuele Tofani , Stefano Torniamenti , Riccardo Travaglini , Lucia Trozzo , M. Paola Vaccaro , Michele Valentini , Peter Van , Jesse van Dongen , Joris van Heijningen , Zeb van Ranst , Marco Vardaro , Patrice Verdier , Daniele Vernieri , Nico Wagner , Janis Woehler , Joachim Wolf , Guido Zavattini , Adrian Zink , Andreas Zmija

We highlight the potential benefits of a synergistic use of SKAO and ESO facilities for galaxy evolution studies, focusing on the role that ESO spectroscopic surveys can play in supporting next-generation radio continuum and atomic hydrogen…