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Related papers: Pulsar Wind Nebulae from X-rays to VHE gamma-rays

200 papers

The recent measurement by LHAASO of gamma-ray emission extending up to 100s of TeV from multiple Galactic sources represents a major observational step forward in the search for the origin of the Galactic cosmic rays. The burning question…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-30 M. Breuhaus , B. Reville , J. A. Hinton

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), formed when the wind originating from a rapidly rotating neutron star flows out into its surroundings, have now been observed across the electromagnetic spectrum from the radio to the PeV gamma-ray regime. For…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-19 Alison M. W. Mitchell , Samuel T. Spencer

We consider a situation in which a pulsar is formed inside or close to a high density region of a molecular cloud. Right after birth, the pulsar was very active and accelerated hadrons and leptons to very high energies. Hadrons diffuse…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Bartko , W. Bednarek

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are among the most extreme particle accelerators in galaxies, are recognized as multi-TeV electron/positron sources, and are one of the dominant classes of Galactic gamma-ray sources. Vela X is a nearby PWN at 290…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 L. Tibaldo , F. Aharonian , P. Bordas , S. Caroff , J. A. Hinton , D. Khangulyan , H. Odaka , R. Tuffs

Radio observations of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources are fundamental to identify and reveal their nature, as well as to understand the physics behind these energetic sources. I will comment on some characteristics of extragalactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-06-04 Josep M. Paredes

Energetic pulsars power winds of relativistic leptons which produce photon nebulae (so- called pulsar wind nebulae, PWNe). Their spectral energy distribution has a double-humped structure: the first hump lies in the X-ray regime, the second…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-05-16 M. Mayer , J. Brucker , M. Holler , I. Jung , K. Valerius , C. Stegmann

Pulsar wind nebulae are fascinating systems, and archetypal sources for high-energy astrophysics in general. Due to their vicinity, brightness, to the fact that they shine at multi-wavelengths, and especially to their long-living emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-29 Barbara Olmi , Niccolò Bucciantini

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) produced from supersonic runaway pulsars can render extended X-ray structures in the form of tails and prominent jets. In this Letter we report on the analysis of $\sim$130 ks observations of the PWN around…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-16 Pol Bordas , Xiying Zhang

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are an exciting addition to the zoo of X-ray sources. Recent Chandra and XMM-Newton observations have detected diffuse X-ray emission from shocked fast winds in PN interiors as well as bow-shocks of fast collimated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Guerrero , Y. -H. Chu , R. A. Gruendl

An increasing number of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are being identified in the TeV band by ground-based Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes such that they constitute the dominant source class of Galactic TeV emitters. However, MeV-GeV PWN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Jordan Eagle , Daniel Castro , Wei Zhang , Diego Torres , Jean Ballet , The Fermi-LAT Collaboration

H.E.S.S. is currently the most sensitive instrument in the very-high-energy gamma-ray domain and has revealed many new sources along the Galactic Plane, a significant fraction of which seems to be associated with energetic pulsars. HESS…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 M. Renaud , S. Hoppe , N. Komin , E. Moulin , V. Marandon , A. -C. Clapson

In a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN), the lifetime of inverse Compton emitting electrons exceeds the lifetime of its progenitor pulsar, but it exceeds also the age of the electrons that emit via synchrotron radiation; i.e. during the evolution of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-11-08 O. Tibolla , K. Mannheim , D. Elsässer , S. Kaufmann

While pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and their associated isolated pulsars are commonly detected at X-ray energies, they are much rarer at near infrared (nIR) and optical wavelengths. Here we examine three PWN systems in the Galactic plane -…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 P. A. Curran , S. Chaty , J. A. Zurita Heras , A. Coleiro

Pulsars and their pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are unique laboratories for extreme astrophysical processes. This dissertation combines Fermi-LAT observations with a time-dependent leptonic PWN model (TIDE) to explore their gamma-ray emission.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-17 Wei Zhang

To investigate the nature and evolution of TeV pulsar wind nebulae, we examine the firmly identified PWNe in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey, along with the few other known detections from the literature, as well as the upper limits…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 S. Klepser , Y. Gallant , M. Mayer , K. Valerius

Pulsars are rapidly-rotating neutron stars born out of the death of stars. A diffuse nebula is formed when particles stream from these neutron stars and interact with the ambient medium. These pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are visible across…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-01-28 Joshua Lande

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are main gamma-ray emitters in the Galactic plane. Although the leptonic scenario is able to explain most PWNe emission well, a hadronic contribution cannot be excluded. High-energy emission raises the possibility…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-23 Qinrui Liu , Ali Kheirandish

Combined X-ray synchrotron and inverse-Compton gamma-ray observations of pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) may help to elucidate the processes of acceleration and energy loss in these systems. In particular, such observations provide constraints on…

The 1968 discovery of the Crab and Vela pulsars in their respective supernova remnants (SNRs) confirmed Baade and Zwicky's 1934 prediction that supernovae form neutron stars. Observations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe), particularly with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Samar Safi-Harb

We propose that cosmic-ray PeVatrons are pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) inside supernova remnants (SNRs). The PWN initially expands into the freely expanding stellar ejecta. Then, the PWN catches up with the shocked region of the SNR, where…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-08 Yutaka Ohira , Shota Kisaka , Ryo Yamazaki