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The introduction of General Relativity (GR) in 1915 revolutionized our understanding of gravity, but over time, its limitations in explaining phenomena like dark energy, dark matter, and quantum gravity have motivated alternative theories.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-08 N. S. Kavya

Einstein based his special theory of relativity on two postulates: (a) physical laws appear the same in all inertial frames, and (b) the speed of light in vacuum is an observer-independent constant. However, it is already known that the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Vikramaditya Mondal

Two common misconceptions about the theory of Special Relativity that are actively taught in textbooks are discussed. It is shown, first, that the Lorentz transformations are actually transformations of the coordinates of a photon, not the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ezzat G. Bakhoum

This work deals with the questions of absolute space and relativity. In particular, an alternative derivation of the effects described by special relativity is provided, which is based on a description that assumes a privileged reference…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Vasco Guerra , Rodrigo de Abreu

As is well-known, Newton's gravitational theory can be formulated as a four-dimensional space-time theory and follows as singular limit from Einstein's theory, if the velocity of light tends to the infinity. Here 'singular' stands for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 G. Dautcourt

A detailed re-examination of the seminal paper on special relativity, taking into account recent work on the physical interpretation of the space-time Lorentz transformation as well as the modern understanding of classical elecromagnetism…

General Physics · Physics 2011-11-04 J. H. Field

This paper completes and comments on some aspects of our previous publications. In ref [1], we have derived a set of space-time transformations referred to as the extended space-time transformations. These transformations, which assume the…

General Physics · Physics 2008-03-27 Joseph Levy

I report, emphasizing some key open issues and some aspects that are particularly relevant for phenomenology, on the status of the development of "doubly-special" relativistic ("DSR") theories with both an observer-independent high-velocity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

Modifications of Special Relativity by the introduction of an invariant energy and/or momentum level (so-called Doubly Special Relativity theories, DSR) or by an energy-momentum dependence of the Planck constant (Generalized Uncertainty…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 F. Hinterleitner

Modified gravity theories have received increased attention lately due to combined motivation coming from high-energy physics, cosmology and astrophysics. Among numerous alternatives to Einstein's theory of gravity, theories which include…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 Thomas P. Sotiriou , Valerio Faraoni

Different approaches to special relativity (SR) are discussed. The first approach is an invariant approach in which physical quantities in the four-dimensional spacetime are represented by true tensors or equivalently by coordinate-based…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tomislav Ivezic

In the invariant approach to special relativity (SR), which we call the ''true transformations (TT) relativity,'' a physical quantity in the four-dimensional spacetime is mathematically represented either by a true tensor or equivalently by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Tomislav Ivezic

Maxwell's equations are valid only in Lorentz frame i.e. in inertial frame where the Einstein synchronization procedure is used to assign values of the time coordinate. Einstein time order must be applied and kept in consistent way in both…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-08-24 Evgeny Saldin

Recent studies of spacetime anisotropy in the context of local Lorentz invariance (LLI) based on classical Michelson-Morley experiments, as well Kennedy-Thorndyke tests, pointed out the existence of terms first order in v/c and of angular…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Assumpcao

Scalar-tensor theories of gravity are natural phenomenological alternatives to General Relativity, where the gravitational interaction is mediated by a scalar degree of freedom, besides the usual tensor gravitons. In regions of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-29 Enrico Barausse , Carlos Palenzuela , Marcelo Ponce , Luis Lehner

The general theory of relativity is currently established as the most precise theory of gravity supported by observations, and its application is diverse ranging from astronomy to cosmology, while its application to astrophysics has been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 Shuichi Yokoyama

The strange visual appearance of objects is one of the puzzling predictions of Einstein's relativity. This is mainly due to the distinction between measuring and seeing, where the former is described by the Lorentz Transformation and the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Utkarsh Bajaj

In this paper we recall the construction of Doubly Special Relativity (DSR) as a theory with energy-momentum space being the four dimensional de Sitter space. Then the bases of the DSR theory can be understood as different coordinate…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman , Sebastian Nowak

We look for the properties of empty space-time proceeding from the general relativity principle. An infinite number of the so-called covariant ether theories (CETs) has been found, which, like the special relativity theory (SRT), satisfy…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander L. Kholmetskii

The general theory of relativity (GR) is symmetric under smooth coordinate transformations, also known as diffeomorphisms. The general coordinate transformation group has a linear subgroup denoted as the Lorentz group of symmetry, which is…

General Physics · Physics 2020-12-09 Asher Yahalom
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