Related papers: Measuring Magnetic Fields in the Solar Atmosphere
Solar irradiance is considered one of the main natural factors affecting terrestrial climate, and its variations are included in most numerical models estimating the effects of natural versus anthropogenic factors for climate change. Solar…
Magnetic fields are essential ingredients of many physical processes in the interiors and envelopes of cool stars. Yet their direct detection and characterisation is notoriously difficult, requiring high-quality observations and advanced…
The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to the fast solar wind, ultimately being vital in controlling solar activities and…
Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the surface layers of the Sun intrinsically produce a predominantly horizontal magnetic field in the photosphere. This is a robust result in the sense that it arises from simulations with…
We review methods to measure magnetic fields within the corona using the polarized light in magnetic-dipole (M1) lines. We are particularly interested in both the global magnetic-field evolution over a solar cycle, and the local storage of…
Turbulent magnetic fields fill most of the volume of the solar atmosphere. However, their spatial and temporal variations are still unknown. Since 2007, during the current solar minimum, we are periodically monitoring several wavelength…
Observations of quiet Sun from the Solar Optical Telescope/Spectro-Polarimeter (SOT/SP) aboard the Hinode spacecraft would reveal the magnetic characters of the solar photosphere. By making use of the deep mode observations of three quiet…
We take a broad look at the problem of identifying the magnetic solar causes of space weather. With the lackluster performance of extrapolations based upon magnetic field measurements in the photosphere, we identify a region in the near UV…
It is an indisputable fact that solar magnetic fields are force-free in the corona, where force free fields means that current and magnetic fields are parallel and there is no Lorentz force in the fields. While the force-free extent of…
Large-scale velocity fields in the solar photosphere remain a mystery in spite of many years of intensive studies. In this thesis, the new method of the measurements of the solar photospheric flow fields is proposed. It is based on local…
During the last decade, the FORS1 instrument of the ESO Very Large Telescope has been used to obtain low resolution circular polarized spectra for about 500 stars, with the aim of measuring their mean longitudinal magnetic fields. Magnetic…
We show that solar axion conversion to photons in the Earth's magnetosphere can produce an x-ray flux, with average energy \sim 4 keV, which is measurable on the dark side of the Earth. The smallness of the Earth's magnetic field is…
We describe the preliminary design of a magnetograph and visible-light imager instrument to study the solar dynamo processes through observations of the solar surface magnetic field distribution. The instrument will provide measurements of…
The goal of local helioseismology is to elicit three-dimensional information about the sub-surface (or far-side) structure and dynamics of the Sun from observations of the helioseismic wave field at the surface. The physical quantities of…
High resolution images at different wavelengths, spectrograms and magnetograms, representing different levels of the solar atmosphere obtained with Hinode have been combined to study the 3-dimensional structure of the small magnetic…
Solar flares are intense bursts of electromagnetic radiation, which occur due to a rapid destabilization and reconnection of the magnetic field. While pre-flare signatures and trends have been investigated from magnetic observations prior…
Magnetic field in the solar lower atmosphere can be measured by the use of the Zeeman and Hanle effects. In contrast, the coronal magnetic field well above the solar surface, which directly controls various eruptive phenomena, can not be…
In this review, I focus on the structure and evolution of the coronal magnetic fields modelled from observations. The development of instruments measuring the photospheric and chromospheric magnetic fields with a high spatial and time…
The Solar Mean Magnetic Field (SMMF) is the mean value of the line of sight (LOS) component of the solar vector magnetic field averaged over the visible hemisphere of the Sun. So far, the studies on SMMF have mostly been confined to the…
For several decades we have been cognizant of the presence of magnetic fields in early-type stars, but our understanding of their magnetic properties has recently (over the last decade) expanded due to the new generation of high-resolution…