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Related papers: Minimal instances for toric code ground states

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Kitaev's quantum double models in 2D provide some of the most commonly studied examples of topological quantum order. In particular, the ground space is thought to yield a quantum error-correcting code. We offer an explicit proof that this…

We study two-dimensional translation-invariant CSS stabilizer codes over prime-dimensional qudits on the square lattice under twisted boundary conditions, generalizing the Kitaev $\mathbb{Z}_p$ toric code by augmenting each stabilizer with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Zijian Liang , Yu-An Chen

We present analytical and numerical studies of the behaviour of the $\alpha$-Renyi entropies in the Toric code in presence of several types of perturbations aimed at studying the simulability of these perturbations to the parent Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-14 Siddhartha Santra , Alioscia Hamma , Lukasz Cincio , Yigit Subasi , Paolo Zanardi , Luigi Amico

In this work we introduce two code families, which we call the heavy hexagon code and heavy square code. Both code families are implemented by assigning physical data and ancilla qubits to both vertices and edges of low degree graphs. Such…

Although it is well known that all quantum states can be produced by single qubit measurements on the cluster states, it is not a simple task to explicitly find which measurement patterns on the cluster states can generate different quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-14 Mohammad Hossein Zarei

The ground state fidelity per lattice site is shown to be able to detect quantum phase transitions for the Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice, a prototypical example of quantum lattice systems with topological order. It is found that, in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2008-03-07 Jian-Hui Zhao , Huan-Qiang Zhou

We study the Twisted Kitaev Quantum Double model within the framework of Local Topological Order (LTO). We extend its definition to arbitrary 2D lattices, enabling an explicit characterization of the ground state space through the invariant…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Shawn X. Cui , César Galindo , Diego Romero

We consider some questions related to codes constructed using various graphs, in particular focusing on graphs which are not lattices in two or three dimensions. We begin by considering Floquet codes which can be constructed using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 M. B. Hastings

Although high-threshold and low-overhead quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes, such as bivariate bicycle (BB) codes, can reduce the physical-qubit cost by an order of magnitude compared to the Kitaev toric code, their torus layout…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Zijian Liang , Jens Niklas Eberhardt , Yu-An Chen

Topological quantum error correction codes are extremely practical, typically requiring only a 2-D lattice of qubits with tunable nearest neighbor interactions yet tolerating high physical error rates p. It is computationally expensive to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-01 Austin G. Fowler

The discovery of topological order has revolutionized the understanding of quantum matter in modern physics and provided the theoretical foundation for many quantum error correcting codes. Realizing topologically ordered states has proven…

We study hypergraphs which represent finite quantum event structures. We contribute to results of graph theory, regarding bounds on the number of edges, given the number of vertices. We develop a missing one for 3-graphs of girth 4. As an…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Vaclav Voracek

We investigate the geometrical structure of multipartite states based on the construction of toric varieties. We show that the toric variety represents the space of general pure states and projective toric variety defines the space of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-21 Hoshang Heydari

We analyze surface codes, the topological quantum error-correcting codes introduced by Kitaev. In these codes, qubits are arranged in a two-dimensional array on a surface of nontrivial topology, and encoded quantum operations are associated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Dennis , Alexei Kitaev , Andrew Landahl , John Preskill

PhD thesis investigating homological quantum codes derived from curved and higher dimensional geometries. In the first part we will consider closed surfaces with constant negative curvature. We show how such surfaces can be constructed and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-06 Nikolas P. Breuckmann

We suggest several techniques to improve the toric codes and the finite-rate generalized toric codes (quantum hypergraph-product codes) recently introduced by Tillich and Z\'emor. For the usual toric codes, we introduce the rotated lattices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-10 Alexey A. Kovalev , Leonid P. Pryadko

The mapping of fermionic states onto qubit states, as well as the mapping of fermionic Hamiltonian into quantum gates enables us to simulate electronic systems with a quantum computer. Benefiting the understanding of many-body systems in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-12 Mark Steudtner , Stephanie Wehner

A lattice gauge theory is described by a redundantly large vector space that is subject to local constraints, and can be regarded as the low energy limit of an extended lattice model with a local symmetry. We propose a numerical…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-04-22 Luca Tagliacozzo , Guifre Vidal

The Kitaev surface-code model is the most studied example of a topologically ordered phase and typically involves four-spin interactions on a two-dimensional surface. A universal signature of this phase is topological entanglement entropy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-29 Tommaso F. Demarie , Trond Linjordet , Nicolas C. Menicucci , Gavin K. Brennen

We present a scheme for encoding and decoding an unknown state for CSS codes, based on syndrome measurements. We illustrate our method by means of Kitaev toric code, defected-lattice code, topological subsystem code and Haah 3D code. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Justyna Łodyga , Paweł Mazurek , Andrzej Grudka , Michał Horodecki