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An oriented hypergraph is a hypergraph where each vertex-edge incidence is given a label of $+1$ or $-1$. The adjacency and Laplacian eigenvalues of an oriented hypergraph are studied. Eigenvalue bounds for both the adjacency and Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Nathan Reff

Including intricate topological information (e.g., cycles) provably enhances the expressivity of message-passing graph neural networks (GNNs) beyond the Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) hierarchy. Consequently, Persistent Homology (PH) methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Mattie Ji , Amauri H. Souza , Vikas Garg

The spectrum of a network or graph $G=(V,E)$ with adjacency matrix $A$, consists of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian $L= I - D^{-1/2} A D^{-1/2}$. This set of eigenvalues encapsulates many aspects of the structure of the graph,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-06 David Cohen-Steiner , Weihao Kong , Christian Sohler , Gregory Valiant

Separating multiple graph signals from a single observed mixture is an inherently ill-posed problem that traditionally relies on restrictive and handcrafted priors. This letter addresses this challenge by proposing an unsupervised learnable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Keivan Faghih Niresi , Dorina Thanou , Olga Fink

We quantize graphs (networks) which consist of a finite number of bonds and vertices. We show that the spectral statistics of fully connected graphs is well reproduced by random matrix theory. We also define a classical phase space for the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-31 Tsampikos Kottos , Uzy Smilansky

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$, and $A(G)$ and $D(G)$ its adjacency and degree diagonal matrices, respectively. For a parameter $\alpha \in [0,1]$, Nikiforov~(2017) introduced the convex combination $A_{\alpha}(G) = \alpha D(G) +…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Uilton Cesar Peres Junior , Carla Silva Oliveira , André Ebling Brondan

We define the independence ratio and the chromatic number for bounded, self-adjoint operators on an L^2-space by extending the definitions for the adjacency matrix of finite graphs. In analogy to the Hoffman bounds for finite graphs, we…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Christine Bachoc , Evan DeCorte , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

Random spatial networks-that is, graphs whose connectivity is governed by geometric proximity-have emerged as fundamental models for systems constrained by an underlying spatial structure. A prototypical example is the random geometric…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Christian Hirsch , Kyeongsik Nam , Moritz Otto

This note introduces a result on the location of eigenvalues, i.e., the spectrum, of the Laplacian for a family of undirected graphs with self-loops. We extend on the known results for the spectrum of undirected graphs without self-loops or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-09 Behcet Acikmese

Graph signal processing, like the graph Fourier transform, requires the full graph signal at every vertex of the graph. However, in practice, only signals at a subset of vertices may be available. We propose a subgraph signal processing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-08 Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay , Giacomo Kahn

Let $F$ be a graph. A hypergraph is called Berge $F$ if it can be obtained by replacing each edge in $F$ by a hyperedge containing it. Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$, we say that a hypergraph $H$ is Berge $\mathcal{F}$-free if for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-03 Yuan Hou , An Chang , Joshua Cooper

The basic inverse problem in spectral graph theory consists in determining the graph given its eigenvalue spectrum. In this paper, we are interested in a network of technological agents whose graph is unknown, communicating by means of a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-08-20 Enzo Fioriti , Stefano Chiesa , Fabio Fratichini

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted considerable attention from the research community. It is well established that GNNs are usually roughly divided into spatial and spectral methods. Despite that spectral GNNs play an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Deyu Bo , Xiao Wang , Yang Liu , Yuan Fang , Yawen Li , Chuan Shi

The area of graph property testing seeks to understand the relation between the global properties of a graph and its local statistics. In the classical model, the local statistics of a graph is defined relative to a uniform distribution…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-29 Lior Gishboliner , Asaf Shapira

We study how the spectral gap of the normalized Laplacian of a random graph changes when an edge is added to or removed from the graph. There are known examples of graphs where, perhaps counterintuitively, adding an edge can decrease the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Ronen Eldan , Miklós Rácz , Tselil Schramm

We present a systematic collection of spectral surgery principles for the Laplacian on a metric graph with any of the usual vertex conditions (natural, Dirichlet or $\delta$-type), which show how various types of changes of a local or…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Gregory Berkolaiko , James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Delio Mugnolo

Graph partitioning problems emerge in a wide variety of complex systems, ranging from biology to finance, but can be rigorously analyzed and solved only for a few graph ensembles. Here, an ensemble of equitable graphs, i.e. random graphs…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Paolo Barucca

Generative models for graphs have been typically committed to strong prior assumptions concerning the form of the modeled distributions. Moreover, the vast majority of currently available models are either only suitable for characterizing…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Antonino Freno , Mikaela Keller , Gemma C. Garriga , Marc Tommasi

This extended abstract introduces a class of graph learning applicable to cases where the underlying graph has polytopic uncertainty, i.e., the graph is not exactly known, but its parameters or properties vary within a known range. By…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-15 Masako Kishida , Shunsuke Ono

Laplacian eigenvectors capture natural community structures on graphs and are widely used in spectral clustering and manifold learning. The use of Laplacian eigenvectors as embeddings for the purpose of multiscale graph comparison has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-07 Edric Tam , David Dunson