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If a finitely generated semigroup S has a hopfian (meaning: every surjective endomorphism is an automorphism) cofinite subsemigroup T then S is hopfian too. This no longer holds if S is not finitely generated. There exists a finitely…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-29 Victor Maltcev , N. Ruskuc

We study when a group of form $G\times\mathbb{Z}^m (m\geq 1)$ has the finitely generated fixed subgroup property of automorphisms ($\rm{FGFP}_a$), by using the BNS-invariant, and provide some partial answers and non-trivial examples.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Jialin Lei , Jiming Ma , Qiang Zhang

Let $F_n$ be the free group on $n\ge 2$ elements and $\A(F_n)$ its group of automorphisms. In this paper we present a rich collection of linear representations of $\A(F_n)$ arising through the action of finite index subgroups of it on…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Fritz Grunewald , Alexander Lubotzky

Elements of the free group define interesting maps, known as word maps, on groups. It was previously observed by Lubotzky that every subset of a finite simple group that is closed under endomorphisms occurs as the image of some word map. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-04 William Cocke , Meng-Che "Turbo" Ho

It is shown that a finitely generated branch group has Serre's property (FA) if and only if it does not surject onto the infinite cyclic group or the infinite dihedral group. An example of a finitely generated self-similar branch group…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas Delzant , Rostislav Grigorchuk

Let S and R be the rings of regular functions on affine algebraic varieties over a field of characteristic 0, R be embedded as a subring in S, and F : S --> S be an endomorphism such that F(R) subset R. Suppose that every ideal of height 1…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Shulim Kaliman

Let $A=\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ be the polynomial ring over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and $F$ be the field of fractions of $A$. Let $\phi$ be a Drinfeld $A$-module of rank $r\geq 2$ over $F$. For all but finitely many primes $\mathfrak{p}\lhd A$, one can…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-09 Sumita Garai , Mihran Papikian

It is proved that an endomorphism $\varphi$ of a hyperbolic group $G$ satisfies a H\"older condition with respect to a visual metric if and only if $\varphi$ is virtually injective and $G\varphi$ is a quasiconvex subgroup of $G$. If $G$ is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Vítor Araújo , Pedro V. Silva

Let $F_n$ be the free group of a finite rank $n$. We study orbits $Orb_{\phi}(u)$, where $u$ is an element of the group $F_n$, under the action of an automorphism $\phi$. If an orbit like that is finite, we determine precisely what its…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexei G. Myasnikov , Vladimir Shpilrain

We consider homogeneous varieties of linear algebras over an associative-commutative ring K with 1, i.e., the varieties in which free algebras are graded. Let F be a free algebra of some variety A of linear algebras over K freely generated…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Ruvim Lipyanski

A fully irreducible outer automorphism phi of the free group F_n of rank n has an expansion factor which often differs from the expansion factor of the inverse of phi. Nevertheless, we prove that the ratio between the logarithms of the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Handel , Lee Mosher

We study finite subgroups of outer automorphisms of free products. We give upper bounds for the orders of these finite subgroups as well as bounds for the orders of individual torsion outer automorphisms under some (necessary) conditions…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Ioannis Papavasileiou , Dionysios Syrigos

Let $\phi$ be an automorphism of a free group $F_n$ of rank $n$, and let $M_{\phi}=F_n \rtimes_{\phi} \mathbb{Z}$ be the corresponding mapping torus of $\phi$. We study the group $Out(M_{\phi})$ under certain technical conditions on $\phi$.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. Bogopolski , A. Martino , E. Ventura

An endomorphism of a free group is called primitivity preserving if it takes every primitive element to another primitive. In this paper we prove that every primitivity preserving endomorphism of a free group of a finite rank n > 2 is an…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-03 Donghi Lee

The automorphism group of a finitely generated free group is the normal closure of a single element of order 2. If $m$ is less than $n$ then a homomorphism $Aut(F_n)\to Aut(F_m)$ can have cardinality at most 2. More generally, this is true…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin R Bridson , Karen Vogtmann

Suppose that a finite group $G$ admits a Frobenius group of automorphisms FH of coprime order with cyclic kernel F and complement H such that the fixed point subgroup $C_G(H)$ of the complement is nilpotent of class $c$. It is proved that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-30 E. I. Khukhro , N. Yu. Makarenko

If $X$ is a quasi-projective variety over a field $k$ and $\phi$ a birational endomorphism of $X$ that is injective outside a closed subset of codimension $\geq 2$, we prove that $\phi$ is an automorphism. This generalizes an old theorem of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Supravat Sarkar

A weighted graph $\phi G$ encodes a finite metric space $D_{\phi G}$. When is $D$ totally decomposable? When does it embed in $\ell_1$ space? When does its representing matrix have $\leq 1$ positive eigenvalue? We give useful lemmata and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Jeffrey Cheng , Ian Malcolm Johnson McInnis , Matthew Yee

A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is said to be an $IC\Phi$-subgroup of $G$ if $H \cap [H,G] \le \Phi(H)$. We analyze the structure of a finite group $G$ under the assumption that some given subgroups of $G$ are $IC\Phi$-subgroups of $G$. A new…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-08 Julian Kaspczyk

We analyze the structure of the \emph{frequency space} $Q(F)$ of a nonabelian free group $F=F(a_1,...,a_k)$ consisting of all shift-invariant Borel probability measures on $\partial F$ and construct a natural action of $Out(F)$ on $Q(F)$.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ilya Kapovich