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The main purpose of this article is to lay the foundations for a classification of isolated hypersurface singularities in positive characteristic. Although our article is in the spirit of Arnol'd who classified real an complex hypersurfaces…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-11-18 Yousra Boubakri , Gert-Martin Greuel , Thomas Markwig

The problem of classification of real and complex singularities was initiated by Arnol'd in the sixties who classified simple, unimodal and bimodal w.r.t. right equivalence. The classification of right simple singularities in positive…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-14 Hong Duc Nguyen

The aim of this article is the classification of simple 0-dimensional isolated complete intersection singularities in positive characteristic. As usual, a singularity is called simple or 0-modal if there are only finitely many isomorphism…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Thuy Huong Pham , Gerhard Pfister , Gert-Martin Greuel

In (Arnold, 1985), V.I. Arnold has obtained normal forms and has developed a classifier for, in particular, all isolated hypersurface singularities over the complex numbers up to modality 2. Building on a series of 105 theorems, this…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Janko Boehm , Magdaleen S. Marais , Gerhard Pfister

We give an overview of the fundamental definitions and results concerning hypersurface singularities, defined by convergent power series over an arbitrary real valued field. This approach combines, on the one hand, the classical case of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Gert-Martin Greuel

We study singularities f in K[[x_1,...,x_n]] over an algebraically closed field K of arbitrary characteristic with respect to right respectively contact equivalence, and we establish that the finiteness of the Milnor respectively the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-03-27 Yousra Boubakri , Gert-Martin Greuel , Thomas Markwig

In his groundbreaking work on classification of singularities with regard to right and stable equivalence of germs, Arnold has listed normal forms for all isolated hypersurface singularities over the complex numbers with either modality…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-10-21 Janko Boehm , Magdaleen S. Marais , Gerhard Pfister

We present a classification algorithm for isolated hypersurface singularities of corank 2 and modality 1 over the real numbers. For a singularity given by a polynomial over the rationals, the algorithm determines its right equivalence class…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Janko Boehm , Magdaleen S. Marais , Andreas Steenpass

While the classification of univariate power series up to coordinate change is trivial in characteristic 0, this classification is very different in positive characteristic. In this note we give a complete classification of univariate power…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-04-05 Hong Duc Nguyen

In this survey paper we give an overview on some aspects of singularities of algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic. We review in particular results on equisingularity of plane curve…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-11-10 Gert-Martin Greuel

We study the following generalization of singularity categories. Let X be a quasi-projective Gorenstein scheme with isolated singularities and A a non-commutative resolution of singularities of X in the sense of Van den Bergh. We introduce…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-15 Martin Kalck

A finite subgroup of the conformal group SL(2,C) can be related to invariant polynomials on a hypersurface in C^3. The latter then carries a simple singularity, which resolves by a finite iteration of basic cycles of deprojections. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 M. Rainer

We classify simple parametrisations of complex curve singularities. Simple means that all neighbouring singularities fall in finitely many equivalence classes. We take the neighbouring singularities to be the ones occurring in the versal…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-12-12 Jan Stevens

Algebraically simply connected surfaces of general type with p_g=q=0 and 1\le K^2\le 4 in positive characteristic (with one exception in K^2=4) are presented by using a Q-Gorenstein smoothing of two-dimensional toric singularities, a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Yongnam Lee , Noboru Nakayama

By the famous ADE classification rational double points are simple. Rational triple points are also simple. We conjecture that the simple normal surface singularities are exactly those rational singularities, whose resolution graph can be…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-03-05 Jan Stevens

In 2011, Hefez and Hernandes completed Zariski's analytic classification of plane branches belonging to a certain equisingularity class by creating "very short" parameterizations over the complex numbers. Their results were used by Mehmood…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Muhammad Ahsan Binyamin , Gert-Martin Greuel , Khawar Mehmood , Gerhard Pfister

In this article we apply the results in the article "On Isolated Real Singularities I" to the study of real $ADE$-singularities. We show that said results enables us to find the homology groups of the Milnor fibres of real…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Lars Andersen

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic zero, $R = K[X_1,\ldots,X_n]$. Let $A_n(K) = K<X_1,\ldots,X_n, \partial_1, \ldots, \partial_n>$ be the $n^{th}$ Weyl algebra over $K$. We consider the case when $R$ and $A_n(K)$ is graded by giving $\deg…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-10-18 Tony J. Puthenpurakal , Rakesh B. T. Reddy

In this paper, we discuss the recognition problem for A_k-type singularities on wave fronts. We give computable and simple criteria of these singularities, which will play a fundamental role in generalizing the authors' previous work "the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Kentaro Saji , Masaaki Umehara , Kotaro Yamada

Let $V:f=0$ be a hypersurface of degree $d \geq 3$ in the complex projective space $\mathbb{P}^n$, $n \geq 3$, having only isolated singularities. Let $M(f)$ be the associated Jacobian algebra and $H: \ell=0$ be a hyperplane in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Alexandru Dimca , Giovanna Ilardi
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