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The light curves of solar coronal loops often peak first in channels associated with higher temperatures and then in those associated with lower. The time delays between the different narrowband EUV channels have been measured for many…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-22 Roberto Lionello , Caroline E. Alexander , Amy R. Winebarger , Jon A. Linker , Zoran Mikić

It is largely agreed that many coronal loops---those observed at a temperature of about 1 MK--- are bundles of unresolved strands that are heated by storms of impulsive nanoflares. The nature of coronal heating in hotter loops and in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Nicholeen M. Viall , James A. Klimchuk

A solar flare is composed of impulsive energy release events by magnetic reconnection, which forms and heats flare loops. Recent studies have revealed a two-phase evolution pattern of UV 1600\AA\ emission at the feet of these loops: a rapid…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-16 Jiong Qiu , Zoe Sturrock , Dana W. Longcope , James A. Klimchuk , Wen-Juan , Liu

We analyze and model an M8.0 flare on 2005 May 13 observed by TRACE and RHESSI to determine the energy release rate from magnetic reconnection that forms and heats numerous flare loops. The flare exhibits two ribbons in UV 1600 {\AA}…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-25 Wen-Juan Liu , Jiong Qiu , Dana W. Longcope , Amir Caspi

During solar flares, a considerable portion of the flare atmosphere becomes heated; however, the energy deposition process is still unclear, especially in the lower solar atmosphere. Here, we present spectroscopic and imaging observations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-24 Girjesh Gupta , Ananya Rawat , Helen Mason , Robertus Erdélyi

Slow magnetoacoustic waves were first detected in hot ($>$6 MK) flare loops by the SOHO/SUMER spectrometer as Doppler shift oscillations in Fe XIX and Fe XXI lines. Recently, such longitudinal waves have been found by SDO/AIA in the 94 and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Tongjiang Wang , Leon Ofman , Xudong Sun , Elena Provornikova , Joseph M. Davila

We present plasma diagnostics of an EIT wave observed with high cadence in Hinode/EIS sit-and-stare spectroscopy and SDO/AIA imagery obtained during the HOP-180 observing campaign on 2011 February 16. At the propagating EIT wave front, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. M. Veronig , P. Gomory , I. W. Kienreich , N. Muhr , B. Vrsnak , M. Temmer , H. P. Warren

Emerging flux regions (EFRs) are known to exhibit various sporadic local heating events in the lower atmosphere. To investigate the characteristics of these events, especially to link the photospheric magnetic fields and atmospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Shin Toriumi , Yukio Katsukawa , Mark C. M. Cheung

We report on the discovery of periodic coronal rain in an off-limb sequence of {\it Solar Dynamics Observatory}/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly images. The showers are co-spatial and in phase with periodic (6.6~hr) intensity pulsations of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-21 F. Auchère , C. froment , E. Soubrié , P. Antolin , R. Oliver , G. Pelouze

A set of co-aligned high resolution images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is used to investigate propagating disturbances (PDs) in warm fan loops at the periphery of a non-flaring…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Vadim M. Uritsky , Joseph M. Davila , Nicholeen M. Viall , Leon Ofman

We examine the hypothesis that plasma associated with "Type II" spicules is heated to coronal temperatures, and that the upward moving hot plasma constitutes a significant mass supply to the solar corona. 1D hydrodynamical models including…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Philip G. Judge , Bart de Pontieu , Scott McIntosh , Kosovare Olluri

We have investigated an M1.3 limb flare, which develops as a magnetic loop/arch that fans out from an X-ray jet. Using Hinode/EIS, we found that the temperature increases with height to a value of over 10$^{7}$ K at the loop-top during the…

The High-resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C) has provided Fe XII 193A images of the upper transition region moss at an unprecedented spatial (~0.3-0.4 arcsec) and temporal (5.5s) resolution. The Hi-C observations show in some moss regions…

The recent analysis of observations taken with the EIS instrument on Hinode suggests that well constrained measurements of the temperature distribution in solar active regions can finally be made. Such measurements are critical for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Harry P. Warren , Amy R. Winebarger , David H. Brooks

Hinode observations have provided a new view of outflows from the Sun. These have been focussed in particular on flows emanating from the edges of active regions. These flows are long lasting and seem to exist to some extent in every active…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-24 Louise Harra

The Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on the Hinode spacecraft observed flare footpoint regions coincident with a surge for a M3.7 flare observed on 25 September 2011 at N12 E33 in active region 11302. The flare was observed in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-30 George A. Doschek , Harry P. Warren , Brian R. Dennis , Jeffrey W. Reep , Amir Caspi

Chromospheric evaporation (CE) and coronal rain (CR) represent two crucial phenomena encompassing the circulation of mass and energy during solar flares. While CE marks the start of the hot inflow into the flaring loop, CR marks the end,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 Seray Sahin , Patrick Antolin

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are manifestations of energy release in the solar atmosphere, which can be accompanied by dynamic mass motions and waves in the surrounding atmosphere. Here, we present observations of plasma…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-26 Mohamed Nedal , David M. Long , Catherine Cuddy , Lidia Van Driel-Gesztelyi , Peter T. Gallagher

The Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on board the HINODE satellite is used to examine the loop system described in Marsh et al. (2009) by applying spectroscopic diagnostic methods. A simple isothermal mapping algorithm is applied to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. S. Marsh , R. W. Walsh

The heating of coronal loops is investigated to understand the observational consequences in terms of the thermodynamics and radiative losses from the Sun as well as the magnetized coronae of stars with an outer convective envelope. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-02 A. F. Rappazzo , R. B. Dahlburg , G. Einaudi , M. Velli