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Real-time decoding is crucial for fault-tolerant quantum computing but likely requires specialized hardware such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), whose parallelism can alter relative algorithmic performance. We analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Satvik Maurya , Thilo Maurer , Markus Bühler , Drew Vandeth , Michael E. Beverland

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

Known for their capacity-achieving abilities, polar codes have been selected as the control channel coding scheme for 5G communications. To satisfy the needs of high throughput and low latency, belief propagation (BP) is chosen as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Chieh-Fang Teng , Kuan-Shiuan Ho , Chen-Hsi Wu , Sin-Sheng Wong , An-Yeu Wu

We introduce a novel algorithm for decoding binary linear codes by linear programming. We build on the LP decoding algorithm of Feldman et al. and introduce a post-processing step that solves a second linear program that reweights the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-16 Amin Khajehnejad , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Babak Hassibi , Benjamin Vigoda , William Bradley

In this paper we propose a new efficient message passing algorithm for decoding LDPC transmitted over a channel with strong phase noise. The algorithm performs approximate bayesian inference on a factor graph representation of the channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-04-13 Shachar Shayovitz , Dan Raphaeli

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that enables collaborative model training without sharing local data. Despite its advantages, FL suffers from substantial communication overhead, which can affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Shiwei Li , Qunwei Li , Haozhao Wang , Ruixuan Li , Jianbin Lin , Wenliang Zhong

Benefiting from performance advantages under short code lengths, polar codes are well-suited for certain scenarios, such as the future Internet of Things (IoT) applications that require high reliability and low power. Existing list flip…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yansong Lv , Jingxin Dai , Yuhuan Wang , Hang Yin , Zhanxin Yang

We consider the decoding of LDPC codes over GF(q) with the low-complexity majority algorithm from [1]. A modification of this algorithm with multiple thresholds is suggested. A lower estimate on the decoding radius realized by the new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-25 Alexey Frolov , Victor Zyablov

We introduce Decision Tree Decoders (DTDs), which rely only on the sparsity of the binary check matrix, making them broadly applicable for decoding any quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) code and fault-tolerant quantum circuits. DTDs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Kai R. Ott , Bence Hetényi , Michael E. Beverland

This paper introduces a new coding algorithm for Framed Pulse Width Modulation (FPWM). The proposed algorithm requires 93% fewer look-up tables (LUTs) than the previous FPWM coding algorithm and increases a bitrate by 25%. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-02 Soon-Won Kwon , Hyeon-Min Bae

This paper introduces a new approach to cost-effective, high-throughput hardware designs for Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) decoders. The proposed approach, called Non-Surjective Finite Alphabet Iterative Decoders (NS-FAIDs), exploits the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-10-02 Thien Truong Nguyen-Ly , Valentin Savin , Khoa Le , David Declercq , Fakhreddine Ghaffari , Oana Boncalo

We provide a rigorous mathematical analysis of two communication strategies: soft decode-and-forward (soft-DF) for relay channels, and soft partial interference-cancelation (soft-IC) for interference channels. Both strategies involve soft…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Amir Bennatan , Shlomo Shamai , A. Robert Calderbank

Fast decoding algorithms are decisive for real-time quantum error correction and for analyzing properties of error correction codes. Here, we develop variants of the union-find decoder that simplify its implementation and provide potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Matthias C. Löbl , Susan X. Chen , Stefano Paesani , Anders S. Sørensen

This paper proposes a highly efficient global coded-multiplexing scheme, conceptualized as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing over a finite field (FF-OFDM), for reliable multiuser communications. By utilizing a prime length cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Juane Li , Qi-yue Yu , Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar , Shu Lin

Binary quantization approaches, which replace weight matrices with binary matrices and substitute costly multiplications with cheaper additions, offer a computationally efficient approach to address the increasing computational and storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Vladimír Boža , Vladimír Macko

To reduce the implementation complexity of a belief propagation (BP) based low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder, shuffled BP decoding schedules, which serialize the decoding process by dividing a complete parallel message-passing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-02-07 Yen-Cheng Hsu , Tofar C. -Y. Chang , Yu T. Su , Jian-Jia Weng

The interest in polar codes has been increasing significantly since their adoption for use in the 5$^{\rm th}$ generation wireless systems standard. Successive cancellation (SC) decoding algorithm has low implementation complexity, but…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Furkan Ercan , Carlo Condo , Warren J. Gross

Channel coding aims to minimize errors that occur during the transmission of digital information from one place to another. Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes can detect and correct transmission errors if one encodes the original…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Banu Kabakulak , Z. Caner Taşkın , Ali Emre Pusane

SC-Flip (SCF) decoding algorithm shares the attention with the common polar code decoding approaches due to its low-complexity and improved error-correction performance. However, the inefficient criterion for locating the correct…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Furkan Ercan , Warren J. Gross

We propose iterative detection and decoding (IDD) algorithms with Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems operating in block-fading and fast Rayleigh fading channels. Soft-input soft-output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 André Uchoa , Cornelius T. Healy , Rodrigo C. de Lamare