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Superconducting vortex loops have so far avoided experimental detection despite being the focus of much theoretical work. We here propose a method of creating controllable vortex loops in the superconducting condensate arising in a normal…
We measured the local density of states (LDOS) of a quasi two-dimensional (2D) electron system near point defects on a surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) with scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Differential…
We study several aspects of the structure of vortices in conventional s-wave Type $II$ superconductors. It is well-known that there are low energy quasiparticles bound to the core of a vortex. We show that under certain conditions, these…
We propose a novel probe technique capable of performing local low-temperature spectroscopy on a 2D electron system (2DES) in a semiconductor heterostructure. Motivated by predicted spatially-structured electron phases, the probe uses a…
Motivated by recent advances in the fabrication of Josephson junctions in which the weak link is made of a low-dimensional non-superconducting material, we present here a systematic theoretical study of the local density of states (LDOS) in…
We present a method for detecting the chirality $\chi$ of a ($d_{zx}+i \chi d_{yz}$)-wave superconductor through the analysis of the local density of states (LDOS) at the vortex core. Employing the quasiclassical Eilenberger theory, we…
Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics. It holds the key to the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena to stabilize emergent quantum states enabled by…
Motivated by the recent results on impurity effects in MgB2, we present a theoretical model for a two-band superconductor in which the character of quasiparticle motion is ballistic in one band and diffusive in the other. We apply our model…
The order parameter of superfluid $^3$He involves nine complex components, and the multicomponent structure allows quantized vortices in superfluid $^3$He to have complicated cores. One of the vortices found in the B phase is the…
Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to image the additional quasiparticle states generated by quantized vortices in the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. They exhibit a Cu-O bond oriented 'checkerboard' pattern, with four unit cell…
Two-dimensional (2D) superconductivity is a fascinating phenomenon packed with rich physics and wide technological application. The vortices and their dynamics arising from classical and quantum fluctuations give rise to…
Applying the London theory we study curved vortices produced by an external current near and parallel to the surface of a type II superconductor. By minimizing the energy functional we find the contour describing the hard core of the flux…
We have studied a single vortex with the staggered flux (SF) core based on the SU(2) slave-boson theory of high $T_c$ superconductors. We find that whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as one moves away from the core center,…
The interplay of topology and superconductivity has become a subject of intense research in condensed matter physics for the pursuit of topologically non-trivial forms of superconducting pairing. An intrinsically normal-conducting material…
We present a microscopic approach to the quantum tunneling of vortices. The formalism characterizes the rate at which a many-body superconducting state with a vortex in one location makes a transition to a second many-body superconducting…
The vortex electronic structure in the multiband superconductor NbSe2 is studied by means of Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) using a superconducting tip. The use of a superconducting tip (Pb) as a probe provides an enhancement of the…
A new technique permits high fidelity measurement of the tunneling density of states (TDOS) of the two-dimensional electron gas. The obtained TDOS contains no distortions arising from low 2D in-plane conductivity and includes the…
Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM), we investigate the Local Density of States (LDOS) of artificially fabricated normal metal nano-structures in contact with a superconductor. Very low temperature local spectroscopic measurements…
The prospect of coupling a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor heterostructure to a superconductor opens new research and technology opportunities, including fundamental problems in mesoscopic superconductivity, scalable superconducting…
A major question in Fe-based superconductors remains the structure of the pairing, in particular whether it is of unconventional nature. The electronic structure near vortices can serve as a platform for phase-sensitive measurements to…