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In 2009, Chazal et al. introduced $\epsilon$-interleavings of persistence modules. $\epsilon$-interleavings induce a pseudometric $d_I$ on (isomorphism classes of) persistence modules, the interleaving distance. The definitions of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Michael Lesnick

Persistence modules are a central algebraic object arising in topological data analysis. The notion of interleaving provides a natural way to measure distances between persistence modules. We consider various classes of persistence modules,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Peter Bubenik , Tane Vergili

The interleaving distance was originally defined in the field of Topological Data Analysis (TDA) by Chazal et al. as a metric on the class of persistence modules parametrized over the real line. Bubenik et al. subsequently extended the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-01 Vin de Silva , Elizabeth Munch , Anastasios Stefanou

As a step towards establishing homotopy-theoretic foundations for topological data analysis (TDA), we introduce and study homotopy interleavings between filtered topological spaces. These are homotopy-invariant analogues of interleavings,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Andrew J. Blumberg , Michael Lesnick

In order to better understand and to compare interleavings between persistence modules, we elaborate on the algebraic structure of interleavings in general settings. In particular, we provide a representation-theoretic framework for…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-09 Emerson G. Escolar , Killian Meehan , Michio Yoshiwaki

We consider the question of defining interleaving metrics on generalized persistence modules over arbitrary preordered sets. Our constructions are functorial, which implies a form of stability for these metrics. We describe a large class of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-04-01 Peter Bubenik , Vin de Silva , Jonathan Scott

The interleaving distance, although originally developed for persistent homology, has been generalized to measure the distance between functors modeled on many posets or even small categories. Existing theories require that such a poset…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Magnus Bakke Botnan , Justin Curry , Elizabeth Munch

The concept of edit distance, which dates back to the 1960s in the context of comparing word strings, has since found numerous applications with various adaptations in computer science, computational biology, and applied topology. By…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Woojin Kim , Won Seong

Persistent homology is a way of determining the topological properties of a data set. It is well known that each persistence module admits the structure of a representation of a finite totally ordered set. In previous work, the authors…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Killian Meehan , David Meyer

In topological data analysis persistence modules are used to distinguish the legitimate topological features of a finite data set from noise. Interleavings between persistence modules feature prominantly in the analysis. One can show that…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Ojaswi Acharya , Stella Li , David Meyer , Jasmine Noory

We develop a unifying framework for the treatment of various persistent homology architectures using the notion of correspondence modules. In this formulation, morphisms between vector spaces are given by partial linear relations, as…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Haibin Hang , Washington Mio

Interleaving distances provide a fundamental tool for comparing persistence modules and have been widely used in topological data analysis. Their definitions are typically based on translation structures (shift operations) on the indexing…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Toshitaka Aoki

Interleaving distances are used widely in Topological Data Analysis (TDA) as a tool for comparing topological signatures of datasets. The theory of interleaving distances has been extended through various category-theoretic constructions,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Patrick K. McFaddin , Tom Needham

The interleaving distance is arguably the most prominent distance measure in topological data analysis. In this paper, we provide bounds on the computational complexity of determining the interleaving distance in several settings. We show…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Håvard Bakke Bjerkevik , Magnus Bakke Botnan

Algebraic persistence studies persistence modules (typically, linear representations of the poset $\mathbf{R}^n$ with $n \geq 1$) and the algebraic relationships between persistence modules that are interleaved. The notion of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Ulrich Bauer , Luis Scoccola

Dimensionality reduction techniques are powerful tools for data preprocessing and visualization which typically come with few guarantees concerning the topological correctness of an embedding. The interleaving distance between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Bradley J. Nelson , Yuan Luo

In this work, we present a generalization of extended persistent homology to filtrations of graded sub-groups by defining relative homology in this setting. Our work provides a more comprehensive and flexible approach to get an algebraic…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Fang Sun , Shengwen Xie , Xuezhi Zhao

We expand the toolbox of (co)homological methods in computational topology by applying the concept of persistence to sheaf cohomology. Since sheaves (of modules) combine topological information with algebraic information, they allow for…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-04-29 Florian Russold

We introduce two novel concepts, topological difference and topological correlation, that offer a new perspective on the discriminative power of multiparameter persistence. The former quantifies the discrepancy between multiparameter and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Isabella Mastroianni , Ulderico Fugacci

One of the central notions to emerge from the study of persistent homology is that of interleaving distance. It has found recent applications in symplectic and contact geometry, sheaf theory, computational geometry, and phylogenetics. Here…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-27 Peter Bubenik , Vin de Silva , Jonathan Scott
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