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The theorem by Lewandowski et al. stating uniqueness of a diffeomorphism invariant state on an algebra of quantum observables for background independent theories of connections is based on some technical assumptions imposed on the algebra…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-10-25 Michal Dziendzikowski , Andrzej Okolow

Quantum gravity is studied in a semiclassical approximation and it is found that to first order in the Planck length the effect of quantum gravity is to make the low energy effective spacetime metric energy dependent. The diffeomorphism…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Lee Smolin

We show that the Horava theory for the completion of General Relativity at UV scales can be interpreted as a gauge fixed theory, and it can be extended to an invariant theory under the full group of four-dimensional diffeomorphisms. In this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-13 Cristiano Germani , Alex Kehagias , Konstadinos Sfetsos

It is shown that when the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian is considered without any non-covariant modifications or change of variables, its Hamiltonian formulation leads to results consistent with principles of General Relativity. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-11 N. Kiriushcheva , S. V. Kuzmin , C. Racknor , S. R. Valluri

Following the same steps made for a scalar field in a parallel publication, we propose a class of perturbative theories of quantum gravity based on fractional operators, where the kinetic operator of the graviton is either made of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-16 Gianluca Calcagni

We propose a model for the quantum theory of gravity. the model has diffeomorphism invariance, a natural length scale, and (plausibly) propagating modes. in the new addendum, we alter the model in a way which makes the propagating modes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 Louis Crane

Based on a recent purely geometric construction of observables for the spatial diffeomorphism constraint, we propose two distinct quantum reductions to spherical symmetry within full 3+1-dimensional loop quantum gravity. The construction of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Norbert Bodendorfer , Jerzy Lewandowski , Jedrzej Świeżewski

Classical background independence is reflected in Lagrangian general relativity through covariance under the full diffeomorphism group. We show how this independence can be maintained in a Hamilton-Jacobi approach that does not accord…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-22 Donald Salisbury , Jürgen Renn , Kurt Sundermeyer

Diffeomorphism-induced symmetry transformations and time evolution are distinct operations in generally covariant theories formulated in phase space. Time is not frozen. Diffeomorphism invariants are consequently not necessarily constants…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury

A short review of scalar curvature invariants in gravity theories is presented. We introduce how these invariants are constructed and discuss the minimal number of invariants required for a given spacetime. We then discuss applications of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-14 B. Shakerin , D. D. McNutt , B. Mattingly , A. Kar , W. Julius , M. Gorban , C. Watson , P. Brown , J. S. Lee , E. W. Davis , G. B. Cleaver

We discuss the issue of observables in general-relativistic perturbation theory, adopting the view that any observable in general relativity is represented by a scalar field on spacetime. In the context of perturbation theory, an observable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Marco Bruni , Sebastiano Sonego

One of the central features of quantum theory is that there are pairs of quantum observables that cannot be measured simultaneously. This incompatibility of quantum observables is a necessary ingredient in several quantum phenomena, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-28 Teiko Heinosaari

In the second part of our work on observables we have shown that quantum observables in the sense of von Neumann, i.e.bounded selfadjoint operators in some von Neumann subalgebra $R$ of $L(H)$, can be represented as bounded continuous…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans F. de Groote

Following a review of quantum-classical hybrid dynamics, we discuss the ensuing proliferation of observables and relate it to measurements of (would-be) quantum mechanical degrees of freedom performed by (would-be) classical ones (if they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-06 Hans-Thomas Elze

For a field theory that is invariant under diffeomorphisms there is a subtle interplay between symmetries, conservation laws and the phase space of the theory. The natural language for describing these ideas is that of differential forms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-08 Brian P Dolan

We implement the method developed in [1] to construct the most general parametrised action for linear cosmological perturbations of bimetric theories of gravity. Specifically, we consider perturbations around a homogeneous and isotropic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-27 Macarena Lagos , Pedro G. Ferreira

We consider the coupling between massive and spinning particles and three dimensional gravity. This allows us to construct geometric operators (distances between particles) as Dirac observables. We quantize the system a la loop quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Karim Noui , Alejandro Perez

The invariance of physical observables under disformal transformations is considered. It is known that conformal transformations leave physical observables invariant. However, whether it is true for disformal transformations is still an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-20 Guillem Domènech , Atsushi Naruko , Misao Sasaki

(Abridged Abstract) This paper deals with a number of technical achievements that are instrumental for a dis-solution of the so-called {\it Hole Argument} in general relativity. The work is carried through in metric gravity for the class of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Luca Lusanna , Massimo Pauri

The main focus is on the Hamilton-Jacobi techniques in classical general relativity that were pursued by Peter Bergmann and Arthur Komar in the 1960's and 1970's. They placed special emphasis on the ability to construct the factor group of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Donald Salisbury