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Quantum field theory successfully explains the origin of all fundamental forces except gravity due to the renormalizability problem. In this paper, we proposed a topological scenario to understand this puzzle. First, we proposed a $3+1$D…
General Relativity can be formulated in terms of a spatially Weyl invariant gauge theory called Shape Dynamics. Using this formulation, we establish a "bulk/bulk" duality between gravity and a Weyl invariant theory on spacelike Cauchy…
We construct a duality between several simple physical systems by showing that they are different aspects of the same quantum theory. Examples include the free relativistic massless particle and the hydrogen atom in any number of…
We study the global structure of the exact two-dimensional space-time which emerges from string theory. Previous work has shown that in the semi-classical limit, this is a black hole similar to the Schwarzschild solution. However, we find…
In this thesis we study several problems in the context of AdS/CFT. The first is that of gravitational phase transitions between AdS and dS geometries in the Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity. Such transitions are mediated by thermalons and do…
This is the 12th article in the collection of reviews "Exact results on N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories" ed. J. Teschner. This article describes one way to understand an important part of the AGT-correspondence in terms of a triality…
Compactification of Type IIB superstring on an $AdS_5 \times S^5/\Gamma$ background leads to SU(N) gauge field theories with prescribed matter representations. In the 't Hooft limit of large N such theories are conformally finite. For…
Correlators in symmetric orbifold CFTs are given by a finite sum of admissible branched covers of the 2d spacetime. We consider a Gross-Mende like limit where all operators have large twist, and show that the corresponding branched covers…
These lectures trace the origin of string theory as a theory of hadronic interactions (predating QCD itself) to the present ideas on how the QCD string may arise in Superstring theory in a suitably deformed background metric. The…
In the context of gauge/gravity duality, we find a new black hole instability in asymptotically AdS spaces. On the field theory side, this instability is induced by a magnetic field in the vacuum, in contrast to previous instabilities which…
The anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence implies that small perturbations of a black hole correspond to small deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium in a dual field theory. For gauge theories with an Einstein…
We suggest a mechanism for the emergence of classical dynamical spacetime from an underlying quantum gravitational system. This is an example of a more general process, which we name micro-equilibration, and which can be thought of as local…
In this paper, we demonstrate the emergence of nonlinear gravitational equations directly from the physics of a broad class of conformal field theories. We consider CFT excited states defined by adding sources for scalar primary or stress…
We study the large N gauged quantum mechanics for a single Hermitian matrix in the Harmonic oscillator potential well as a toy model for the AdS/CFT correspondence. We argue that the dual geometry should be a string in two dimensions with a…
Two time theory is derived via localization of the global Sp(2) [or Osp(1/2), Osp(N/2), Sp(2N),...] symmetry in phase space in order to give a self contained introduction to two time theory. Then it is shown that from the two-times physics…
We review the superspace technique to determine supersymmetric spacetimes in the framework of off-shell formulations for supergravity in diverse dimensions using the case of 3D N=2 supergravity theories as an illustrative example. This…
During the last ten years, intriguing dualities between gauge and string theory have been found and explored. They provide a novel window on strongly coupled gauge physics, including QCD-like models. Based on a short historical review of…
We revisit Type IIB supergravity backgrounds with null and spacelike singularities with natural gauge theory duals proposed in {\tt hep-th/0602107} and {\tt hep-th/0610053}. We show that for these backgrounds there are always choices of the…
Making use of the T-duality symmetry of superstring theory, and of the double geometry from Double Field Theory, we argue that cosmological singularities of a homogeneous and isotropic universe disappear. In fact, an apparent big bang…
Recent progress in AdS/CFT has provided a good understanding of how the bulk spacetime is encoded in the entanglement structure of the boundary CFT. However, little is known about how spacetime emerges directly from the bulk quantum theory.…