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The relic neutrinos from old supernova explosions are among the most ancient neutrino fluxes within experimental reach. Thus, the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) could teach us if neutrino masses were different in the past…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-07 André de Gouvêa , Ivan Martinez-Soler , Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez , Manibrata Sen

Neutrino masses may have evolved dynamically throughout the history of the Universe, potentially leading to a mass spectrum distinct from the normal or inverted ordering observed today. While cosmological measurements constrain the total…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-27 Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez , Manibrata Sen

A statistically significant detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is around the corner. To this purpose, we assess the contribution to the DSNB of magnetorotational collapses of massive stars, relying on a suite of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-01 Pablo Martínez-Miravé , Irene Tamborra , Miguel Ángel Aloy , Martin Obergaulinger

We present a new, state-of-the-art computation of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), where we use neutrino spectra from multi-dimensional, multi-second core collapse supernova simulations - including both neutron-star and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Cecilia Lunardini , Tomoya Takiwaki , Tomoya Kinugawa , Shunsaku Horiuchi , Kei Kotake

The diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is the constant flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos emitted by all past core collapses in the observable Universe. We study the potential to extract information on the neutrino lifetime from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-29 Pilar Iváñez-Ballesteros , M. Cristina Volpe

Core-collapse supernovae are among the most powerful explosions in the universe, emitting thermal neutrinos that carry away the majority of the gravitational binding energy released. These neutrinos create a diffuse supernova neutrino…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-09 Shin'ichiro Ando , Nick Ekanger , Shunsaku Horiuchi , Yusuke Koshio

Collective flavor oscillations driven by neutrino-neutrino self interaction inside core-collapse supernovae have now been shown to bring drastic changes in the resultant neutrino fluxes. This would in turn significantly affect the diffuse…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-05-29 Sovan Chakraborty , Sandhya Choubey , Basudeb Dasgupta , Kamales Kar

We estimate the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) using the simulation results for neutron star-forming and black hole-forming stellar collapses from the Garching group. Scenarios with different distributions of black-hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-11-27 Alankrita Priya , Cecilia Lunardini

The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) in the MeV regime represents the cumulative cosmic neutrino emission, predominantly due to core collapse supernovae. We estimate the DSNB flux for different Star Formation Rate Density (SFRD)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-22 Samalka Anandagoda , Dieter H. Hartmann , Marco Ajello , Abhishek Desai

Neutrinos traveling over cosmic distances are ideal probes of new physics. We leverage on the approaching detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) to explore whether, if the DSNB showed departures from theoretical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-03 Miller MacDonald , Pablo Martínez-Miravé , Irene Tamborra

The diffuse cosmic supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is observational target of the gadolinium-loaded Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector and the forthcoming JUNO and Hyper-Kamiokande detectors. Current predictions are hampered by our still…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-24 Daniel Kresse , Thomas Ertl , Hans-Thomas Janka

We investigate the initial progenitor mass dependence of the early-phase neutrino signal from supernovae taking neutrino oscillations into account. The early-phase analysis has advantages in that it is not affected by the time evolution of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Keitaro Takahashi , Katsuhiko Sato , Adam Burrows , Todd A. Thompson

I review the physics of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino flux (or Background, DSNB), in the context of future searches at the next generation of neutrino observatories. The theory of the DSNB is discussed in its fundamental elements, namely…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-24 Cecilia Lunardini

In the absence of high-statistics supernova neutrino measurements, estimates of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) hinge on the precision of simulations of core-collapse supernovae. Understanding the cooling phase of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-15 Nick Ekanger , Shunsaku Horiuchi , Kei Kotake , Kohsuke Sumiyoshi

The sensitivity of current and future neutrino detectors like Super-Kamiokande (SK), JUNO, Hyper-Kamiokande (HK), and DUNE is expected to allow for the detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). However, the DSNB model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-15 Nick Ekanger , Shunsaku Horiuchi , Hiroki Nagakura , Samantha Reitz

Flux spectrum, event rate, and experimental sensitivity are investigated for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB), which originates from past stellar collapses and is also known as a supernova relic neutrino background. For this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-30 Ken'ichiro Nakazato , Ryuichiro Akaho , Yosuke Ashida , Takuji Tsujimoto

Fluxes of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) are calculated based on a new modeling of galactic chemical evolution, where a variable stellar initial mass function (IMF) depending on the galaxy type is introduced and black hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-16 Yosuke Ashida , Ken'ichiro Nakazato , Takuji Tsujimoto

We consider neutrinos scattering off Milky Way dark matter and the impact of this scattering on supernovae neutrinos. This can take the form of attenuation on the initial flux of neutrinos and a time-delayed flux of scattered neutrinos.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-08 Garv Chauhan , R. Andrew Gustafson , Gonzalo Herrera , Taj Johnson , Ian Shoemaker

The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) provides an immediate opportunity to study the emission of MeV thermal neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae. The DSNB is a powerful probe of stellar and neutrino physics, provided that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-05-01 Shunsaku Horiuchi , John F. Beacom , Eli Dwek

We revisit the diffuse supernova neutrino background in light of recent systematic studies of stellar core collapse that reveal the quantitative impacts of the progenitor conditions on the collapse process. In general, the dependence of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-07 Shunsaku Horiuchi , Kohsuke Sumiyoshi , Ko Nakamura , Tobias Fischer , Alexander Summa , Tomoya Takiwaki , Hans-Thomas Janka , Kei Kotake
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