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We study entanglement properties of mixed density matrices obtained from combinatorial Laplacians. This is done by introducing the notion of the density matrix of a graph. We characterize the graphs with pure density matrices and show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Samuel L. Braunstein , Sibasish Ghosh , Simone Severini

Signed graphs are graphs whose edges get a sign $+1$ or $-1$ (the signature). Signed graphs can be studied by means of graph matrices extended to signed graphs in a natural way. Recently, the spectra of signed graphs have attracted much…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-11 Francesco Belardo , Sebastian M. Cioabă , Jack H. Koolen , Jianfeng Wang

The spectrum of Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrix for a graph product is obtained, where both underlying graphs are regular. As an application of this, we have been able to generate the Kirchhoff Index and Wiener Index and determine…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-18 Bishal Sonar , Ravi Srivastava

We present enumeration results on the number of connected graphs up to 10 vertices for which there is at least one other graph with the same spectrum (a cospectral mate), or at least one other graph with the same Smith normal form…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-14 Aida Abiad , Carlos A. Alfaro

The $d$-th order Laplacian spectral moment of a $k$-uniform hypergraph is the sum of the $d$-th powers of all eigenvalues of its Laplacian tensor. In this paper, we obtain some expressions of the Laplacian spectral moments for $k$-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Jueru Liu , Lixiang Chen , Changjiang Bu

Lattice structures play a central role in spectral graph theory, offering analytical insight into diffusion, synchronization, and transport processes on regular discrete spaces. While their spectral properties are completely characterized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Eleonora Andreotti

Quantum graphs have attracted attention from mathematicians for some time. A quantum graph is defined by having a Laplacian on each edge of a metric graph and imposing boundary conditions at the vertices to get an eigenvalue problem. A…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Mats-Erik Pistol , Pavel Kurasov

Graph classification aims to categorise graphs based on their structure and node attributes. In this work, we propose to tackle this task using tools from graph signal processing by deriving spectral features, which we then use to design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Felix L. Opolka , Yin-Cong Zhi , Pietro Liò , Xiaowen Dong

Signed graphs have appeared in a broad variety of applications, ranging from social networks to biological networks, from distributed control and computation to power systems. In this paper, we investigate spectral properties of signed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Wei Chen , Dan Wang , Ji Liu , Yongxin Chen , Sei Zhen Khong , Tamer Başar , Karl H. Johansson , Li Qiu

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a simple graph, where $V(G)$ and $E(G)$ are the vertex set and the edge set of $G$, respectively. The number of components of $G$ is denoted by $c(G)$. Let $t$ be a positive real number, and a connected graph $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Xiangge Liu , Yong Lu , Caili Jia , Qiannan Zhou , Yue Cui

This paper surveys some recent results and progress on the extremal prob- lems in a given set consisting of all simple connected graphs with the same graphic degree sequence. In particular, we study and characterize the extremal graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-08 Xiao-Dong Zhang

For a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$, we obtain some trace formulas for the Laplacian tensor of $H$, which imply that $\sum_{i=1}^nd_i^s$ ($s=1,\ldots,k$) is determined by the Laplacian spectrum of $H$, where $d_1,\ldots,d_n$ is the degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-22 Jiang Zhou , Lizhu Sun , Wenzhe Wang , Changjiang Bu

In this paper, we compute the Laplacian spectrum of non-commuting graphs of some classes of finite non-abelian groups. Our computations reveal that the non-commuting graphs of all the groups considered in this paper are L-integral. We also…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-04 Parama Dutta , Jutirekha Dutta , Rajat Kanti Nath

In a paper by Nishikawa and Motter, a quantity called the normalized spread of the Laplacian eigenvalues is used to measure the synchronizability of certain network dynamics. Through simulations, and without theoretical validation, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Susie Lu , John Urschel , Ji Liu

Point signatures based on the Laplacian operators on graphs, point clouds, and manifolds have become popular tools in machine learning for graphs, clustering, and shape analysis. In this work, we propose a novel point signature, the power…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-17 Karamatou Yacoubou Djima , Ka Man Yim

We give the spectral representation for a class of selfadjoint discrete graph Laplacians $\Delta$, with $\Delta$ depending on a chosen graph $G$ and a conductance function $c$ defined on the edges of $G$. We show that the spectral…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-06-02 Dorin Ervin Dutkay , Palle E. T. Jorgensen

Let ${G}$ be a finite non-abelian group. The non-commuting conjugacy class graph (abbreviated as NCCC-graph) of $G$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is the set of conjugacy classes of non-central elements of $G$ and two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Rishabh Chakraborty , Firdous Ee Jannat , Rajat Kanti Nath

In this paper, we use the theory of Riordan matrices to introduce the notion of a Riordan graph. The Riordan graphs are a far-reaching generalization of the well known and well studied Pascal graphs and Toeplitz graphs, and also some other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Gi-Sang Cheon , Ji-Hwan Jung , Sergey Kitaev , Seyed Ahmad Mojallal

A quaternion unit gain graph is a graph where each orientation of an edge is given a quaternion unit, and the opposite orientation is assigned the inverse of this quaternion unit. In this paper, we provide a combinatorial description of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-18 Ivan I. Kyrchei , Eran Treister , Volodymyr O. Pelykh

The visibility graph Vis(X) of a discrete point set X in the plane has vertex set X and an edge xy for every two points x,y\in X whenever there is no other point in X on the line segment between x and y. We show that for every graph G,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 F. Pfender