Related papers: Assessing the Behavior of Modern Solar Magnetograp…
An assessment on the capabilities of modern spectropolarimeters and magnetographs is in order since most of our astrophysical results rely upon the accuracy of the instrumentation and on the sensitivity of the observables to variations of…
Given its unchallenged capabilities in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution, the combination of imaging spectropolarimetry and numeric Stokes inversion represents the dominant technique currently used to remotely sense the physical…
Observational astrophysics started when spectroscopy could be applied to astronomy. Similarly, observational work on stellar magnetic fields became possible with the application of spectro-polarimetry. In recent decades there have been…
The study of magnetars is of particular relevance since these objects are the only laboratories where the physics in ultra-strong magnetic fields can be directly tested. Until now, spectroscopic and timing measurements at X-ray energies in…
The spectral, imaging, and polarimetric behavior of Fabry-P\'erot etalons have an influence on imaging vector magnetograph instruments based on these devices. The impact depends, among others, on the optical configuration (collimated or…
Optical magnetometers are currently able to achieve magnetometric sensitivities below 1 fT/Hz^1/2. Although such sensitivities are typically obtained for ultra-low-field measurements, a group of optical magnetometers allows the detection of…
The magnetic field plays a major role in governing the dynamics of the sun. Many interesting features like sunspots, flares, prominences, and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) occur on its surface due to the dynamics associated with the…
Observational solar physics is entering a new era with the advent of new 1.5 m class telescopes with adaptive optics, as well as the Daniel K. Inouye 4 m telescope which will become operational in 2019. Major outstanding problems in solar…
Breakthroughs in our understanding of physical phenomena have traditionally followed improvements in instrumentation. Studies of the magnetic field of the Sun, and its influence on the solar dynamo and space weather events, have benefited…
In recent years, the development of spectropolarimetric techniques deeply modified our knowledge of stellar magnetism. In the case of solar-type stars, the challenge is to measure a geometrically complex field and determine its evolution…
Judge et al. (2021) recently argued that a region of the solar spectrum in the near-UV between about 250 and 290 nm is optimal for studying magnetism in the solar chromosphere due to an abundance of Mg II, Fe II, and Fe I lines that sample…
An accurate measurement of magnetic field is very important for understanding the formation and evolution of solar magnetic fields. Currently there are two types of solar magnetic field measurement instruments: the filter-based…
Information about the three-dimensional structure of solar magnetic fields is encoded in the polarized spectra of solar radiation by a host of physical processes. To extract this information, solar spectra must be obtained in a variety of…
The ability of new instruments for providing accurate inferences of vector magnetic fields and line-of-sight velocities of the solar plasma depends a great deal on the sensitivity to these physical quantities of the spectral lines chosen to…
During the last decade, the FORS1 instrument of the ESO VLT has been extensively used to study stellar magnetism. A number of interesting discoveries of magnetic fields in several classes of stars have been announced, many of which obtained…
Accurate astrophysical polarimetry requires a proper characterization of the polarization properties of the telescope and instrumentation employed to obtain the observations. Determining the telescope and instrument Muller matrix is…
Linear (spectro) polarimetry is usually performed using separate photon flux measurements after spatial or temporal polarization modulation. Such classical polarimeters are limited in sensitivity and accuracy by systematic effects and…
The principal aim of observational helioseismology is to determine mode parameters of the solar oscillations as accurately as possible. Yet estimates of the mode parameters are subject to many sources of noise, including inevitable gaps in…
We present a theory for the estimation of a scalar or a vector magnetic field by its influence on an ensemble of trapped spin polarized atoms. The atoms interact off-resonantly with a continuous laser field, and the measurement of the…
Aerospace technologies are crucial for modern civilization; space-based infrastructure underpins weather forecasting, communications, terrestrial navigation and logistics, planetary observations, solar monitoring, and other indispensable…