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For more than fifty years, astronomers have mapped the neutral hydrogen gas in the Galaxy assuming kinematically derived distances. We employ the distances of nearby young stars, which trace the gas from which they formed, in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-09 Peter Craig , Sukanya Chakrabarti , Alexander R. Pettitt , Robyn Sanderson , Erik Rosolowsky

We report a new geometric maser distance estimate to the active galaxy NGC 4258. The data for the new model are maser line-of-sight velocities and sky positions from 18 epochs of Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-15 Liz Humphreys , Mark Reid , Jim Moran , Lincoln Greenhill , Alice Argon

Luminous extragalactic water masers are known to be associated with AGN and have provided accurate estimates for the mass of the central supermassive black hole and the size and structure of the accretion disk in nearby galaxies. To find…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 J. P. McKean , C. M. V. Impellizzeri , A. L. Roy , P. Castangia , F. Samuel , A. Brunthaler , C. Henkel , O. Wucknitz

Accurate astrometric measurements for star-forming regions located on the far side of the Milky Way remain scarce. In this work, we present the astrometric results for a 22\,GHz water maser associated with star-forming region G040.96+02.48…

Great investments of observing time have been dedicated to the study of nearby spiral galaxies with diverse goals ranging from understanding the star formation process to characterizing their dark matter distributions. Accurate distances…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-14 Kristen. B. W. McQuinn , Evan D. Skillman , Andrew E. Dolphin , Danielle Berg , Robert Kennicutt

We present high resolution (sub-mas) VLBI maps of nuclear H2O megamasers for seven galaxies. In UGC6093, the well-aligned systemic masers and high-velocity masers originate in an edge-on, flat disk and we determine the mass of the central…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-28 W. Zhao , J. A. Braatz , J. J. Condon , K. Y. Lo , M. J. Reid , C. Henkel , D. W. Pesce , J. E. Greene , F. Gao , C. Y. Kuo , C. M. V. Impellizzeri

We report measurements of parallax and proper motion for four 22 GHz water maser sources as part of VERA Outer Rotation Curve project. All sources show Galactic latitudes of $>$ 2$^{\circ}$ and Galactocentric distances of $>$ 11 kpc at the…

We report the discovery of water maser emission in five active galactic nuclei (AGN) with the 100-m Green Bank Telescope (GBT). The positions of the newly discovered masers, measured with the VLA, are consistent with the optical positions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Paul T. Kondratko , Lincoln J. Greenhill , James M. Moran

Joint analysis of Cosmic Microwave Background, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation, and supernova data has enabled precision estimation of cosmological parameters. New programs will push to 1% uncertainty in the dark energy equation of state and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-26 Lincoln Greenhill , Elizabeth Humphreys , Wayne Hu , Lucas Macri , David Murphy , Karen Masters , Yoshiaki Hagiwara , Hideyuki Kobayashi , Yasuhiro Murata

We report on the results of multi-epoch VLBI observations with VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry) of the 22 GHz H2O masers associated with the young stellar object SVS 13 in the NGC 1333 region. We have carried out…

The Galactic Center contains large amounts of molecular and ionized gas as well as a plethora of energetic objects. Water masers are an extinction-insensitive probe for star formation and thus ideal for studies of star formation stages in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-22 Juergen Ott , Nico Krieger , Matthew Rickert , David S Meier , Adam Ginsburg , Farhad Yusef-Zadeh , the SWAG team

We have detected and confirmed five water maser complexes in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) using the Green Bank Telescope. These masers will provide the high brightness temperature point sources needed for proper motion studies of M31,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Jeremy Darling

The {\bf H}$_2${\bf O} Southern Galactic {\bf P}lane {\bf S}urvey (HOPS) has observed 100 square degrees of the Galactic plane, using the Mopra radio telescope to search for emission from multiple spectral lines in the 12\,mm band…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Andrew J. Walsh , Cormac Purcell , Steven Longmore , Christopher H. Jordan , Vicki Lowe

The study of water masers at cosmological distances would allow us to investigate the parsec-scale environment around powerful radio sources, to probe the physical conditions of the molecular gas in the inner parsecs of quasars, and to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 P. Castangia , C. M. V. Impellizzeri , J. P. McKean , C. Henkel , A. Brunthaler , A. L. Roy , O. Wucknitz , J. Ott , E. Momjian

We use new precision measurements of black hole masses from water megamaser disks to investigate scaling relations between macroscopic galaxy properties and supermassive black hole (BH) mass. The megamaser-derived BH masses span 10^6-10^8…

Two disks of young stars have recently been discovered in the Galactic Center. The disks are rotating in the gravitational field of the central black hole at radii r=0.1-0.3 pc and thus open a new opportunity to measure the central mass. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. M. Beloborodov , Y. Levin , F. Eisenhauer , R. Genzel , T. Paumard , S. Gillessen , T. Ott

We have mapped the water maser emission associated with the infrared centers IRS1 and IRS3 of the NGC 2071IR star forming region at four epochs over ~4 months with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). We detected 269 maser features with ~1…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Anil Seth , Lincoln Greenhill , Benjamin Holder

The bright maser emission produced by several molecular species at centimeter to long millimeter wavelengths provides an essential tool for understanding the process of massive star formation. Unimpeded by the high dust optical depths that…

We present first results of the H_2O Southern Galactic Plane Survey (HOPS), using the Mopra radiotelescope with a broad band backend and a beam size of about 2'. We have observed 100 square degrees of the southern Galactic plane at 12mm…