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For Boolean functions computed by read-once, depth-$D$ circuits with unbounded fan-in over the de Morgan basis, we present an explicit pseudorandom generator with seed length $\tilde{O}(\log^{D+1} n)$. The previous best seed length known…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-09-21 Sitan Chen , Thomas Steinke , Salil Vadhan

Designing a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is a difficult and complex task. Many recent works have considered chaotic functions as the basis of built PRNGs: the quality of the output would indeed be an obvious consequence of some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Sylvain Contassot-Vivier , Jean-François Couchot , Christophe Guyeux , Pierre-Cyrille Heam

We construct pseudorandom generators that fool functions of halfspaces (threshold functions) under a very broad class of product distributions. This class includes not only familiar cases such as the uniform distribution on the discrete…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-01-12 P. Gopalan , R. O'Donnell , Y. Wu , D. Zuckerman

It is well-known that digital signatures can be constructed from one-way functions in a black-box way. While one-way functions are essentially the minimal assumption in classical cryptography, this is not the case in the quantum setting. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Andrea Coladangelo , Saachi Mutreja

We prove that if G is an (n,d,lambda)-graph (a d-regular graph on n vertices, all of whose non-trivial eigenvalues are at most lambda) and the following conditions are satisfied: 1. d/lambda >= (log n)^{1+epsilon} for some constant…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-10 Michael Krivelevich

We show that every construction of one-time signature schemes from a random oracle achieves black-box security at most $2^{(1+o(1))q}$, where $q$ is the total number of oracle queries asked by the key generation, signing, and verification…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Boaz Barak , Mohammad Mahmoody

Generating random and pseudorandom numbers with a deterministic system is a long-standing challenge in theoretical research and engineering applications. Several pseudorandom number generators based on the inversive congruential method have…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xiaoxiong Lu , Chengqing Li , Bo Zhou

A central question in derandomization is whether randomized logspace (RL) equals deterministic logspace (L). To show that RL=L, it suffices to construct explicit pseudorandom generators (PRGs) that fool polynomial-size read-once (oblivious)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Michael A. Forbes , Zander Kelley

We study the Fourier spectrum of functions $f\colon \{0,1\}^{mk} \to \{-1,0,1\}$ which can be written as a product of $k$ Boolean functions $f_i$ on disjoint $m$-bit inputs. We prove that for every positive integer $d$, \[ \sum_{S \subseteq…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Chin Ho Lee

For an irrational $\alpha\in(0,1)$, we investigate the Ostrowski sum-of-digits function $\sigma_\alpha$. For $\alpha$ having bounded partial quotients and $\vartheta\in\mathbb R\setminus\mathbb Z$, we prove that the function $g:n\mapsto…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-10 Lukas Spiegelhofer

We study pseudorandomness and pseudorandom generators from the perspective of logical definability. Building on results from ordinary derandomization and finite model theory, we show that it is possible to deterministically construct, in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jan Dreier , Jamie Tucker-Foltz

This paper presents an algorithm for generating pseudorandom numbers using quasigroups. Random numbers have several applications in the area of secure communication. The proposed algorithm uses a matrix of size n x n which is pre-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-12-06 Vinod Kumar Godavarty

We study the (in)feasibility of quantum pseudorandom notions in a quantum analog of the random oracle model, where all the parties, including the adversary, have oracle access to the same Haar random unitary. In this model, we show the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Prabhanjan Ananth , John Bostanci , Aditya Gulati , Yao-Ting Lin

Randomness is both a useful way to model natural systems and a useful tool for engineered systems, e.g. in computation, communication and control. Fully random transformations require exponential time for either classical or quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Aram W. Harrow , Michal Horodecki

We construct a classical oracle relative to which $\mathsf{P} = \mathsf{NP}$ yet single-copy secure pseudorandom quantum states exist. In the language of Impagliazzo's five worlds, this is a construction of pseudorandom states in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 William Kretschmer , Luowen Qian , Makrand Sinha , Avishay Tal

We study the (quantum) security of pseudorandom generators (PRGs) constructed from random oracles. We prove a "lifting theorem" showing, roughly, that if such a PRG is unconditionally secure against classical adversaries making polynomially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jonathan Katz , Ben Sela

We present an explicit pseudorandom generator for oblivious, read-once, width-$3$ branching programs, which can read their input bits in any order. The generator has seed length $\tilde{O}( \log^3 n ).$ The previously best known seed length…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-05-28 Thomas Steinke , Salil Vadhan , Andrew Wan

We develop a pseudo-random generator to fool degree-$d$ polynomial threshold functions with respect to the Gaussian distribution. For $c>0$ any constant, we construct a pseudo-random generator that fools such functions to within $\epsilon$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-04-08 Daniel M. Kane

We give a pseudorandom generator that fools $m$-facet polytopes over $\{0,1\}^n$ with seed length $\mathrm{polylog}(m) \cdot \log n$. The previous best seed length had superlinear dependence on $m$. An immediate consequence is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Ryan O'Donnell , Rocco A. Servedio , Li-Yang Tan

We present a class of hardware-based cryptographic one-way functions that, in practice, would be hard to invert even if P=NP and linear-time satisfiability algorithms exist. Such functions use a hardware-based component with omega(n^2) size…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Javier A. Arroyo-Figueroa