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The recognition of unconstrained handwriting continues to be a difficult task for computers despite active research for several decades. This is because handwritten text offers great challenges such as character and word segmentation,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-01-22 Yusuf Perwej

We present ALLaM: Arabic Large Language Model, a series of large language models to support the ecosystem of Arabic Language Technologies (ALT). ALLaM is carefully trained considering the values of language alignment and knowledge transfer…

Although many Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have been developed for Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Dialectal Arabic (DA), few studies have focused on dialect-specific implementations, particularly for low-resource Arabic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ayman Mansour

Recognition of Arabic characters is essential for natural language processing and computer vision fields. The need to recognize and classify the handwritten Arabic letters and characters are essentially required. In this paper, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Mahmoud Shams , Amira. A. Elsonbaty , Wael. Z. ElSawy

An end-to-end, segmentation-free, deep learning model trained from scratch is proposed, leveraging DCNN for feature extraction, alongside Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (BLSTM) for sequence recognition and Connectionist Temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Sondos Aabed , Ahmad Khairaldin

Arabic is a widely-spoken language with a long and rich history, but existing corpora and language technology focus mostly on modern Arabic and its varieties. Therefore, studying the history of the language has so far been mostly limited to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Yonatan Belinkov , Alexander Magidow , Alberto Barrón-Cedeño , Avi Shmidman , Maxim Romanov

Lip Reading, or Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (V-ASR), is a complex task requiring the interpretation of spoken language exclusively from visual cues, primarily lip movements and facial expressions. This task is especially challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Marshall Thomas , Edward Fish , Richard Bowden

Through the advancement in natural language processing (NLP), specifically in speech recognition, fully automated complex systems functioning on voice input have started proliferating in areas such as home automation. These systems have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Tanmay Kulkarni , Yuvraj Pardeshi , Yash Shah , Vaishnvi Sakat , Sapana Bhirud

There is a growing body of work in recent years to develop pre-trained language models (PLMs) for the Arabic language. This work concerns addressing two major problems in existing Arabic PLMs which constraint progress of the Arabic NLU and…

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) performs well for high-resource languages with abundant paired audio-transcript data, but its accuracy degrades sharply for most languages due to limited publicly available aligned data. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Antonis Asonitis , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , Frédéric Berdoz , Roger Wattenhofer

While the Turkish language is listed among low-resource languages, literature on Turkish automatic speech recognition (ASR) is relatively old. In this report, we present our findings on Turkish ASR with speech representation learning using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Ali Safaya , Engin Erzin

We present ArTST, a pre-trained Arabic text and speech transformer for supporting open-source speech technologies for the Arabic language. The model architecture follows the unified-modal framework, SpeechT5, that was recently released for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Hawau Olamide Toyin , Amirbek Djanibekov , Ajinkya Kulkarni , Hanan Aldarmaki

Sign language is the primary approach of communication for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) community. While there are numerous benchmarks for high-resource sign languages, low-resource languages like Arabic remain underrepresented.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Mohammad Amer Khalil , Raghad Nahas , Ahmad Nassar , Khloud Al Jallad

Arabic text recognition is a challenging task because of the cursive nature of Arabic writing system, its joint writing scheme, the large number of ligatures and many other challenges. Deep Learning DL models achieved significant progress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Mohammad Fasha , Bassam Hammo , Nadim Obeid , Jabir Widian

Code-switching -- the natural alternation between two languages within a single utterance -- remains one of the most challenging and under-studied conditions for automatic speech recognition (ASR). We present a benchmark evaluating five…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sajjad Abdoli , Ghassan Al-Sumaidaee , Clayton W. Taylor , Ahmad ElShiekh , Ahmed Rashad

We present a machine learning approach that ranked on the first place in the Arabic Dialect Identification (ADI) Closed Shared Tasks of the 2018 VarDial Evaluation Campaign. The proposed approach combines several kernels using multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Andrei M. Butnaru , Radu Tudor Ionescu

One of the central skills that language learners need to practice is speaking the language. Currently, students in school do not get enough speaking opportunities and lack conversational practice. Recent advances in speech technology and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Janick Michot , Manuela Hürlimann , Jan Deriu , Luzia Sauer , Katsiaryna Mlynchyk , Mark Cieliebak

We study training a single acoustic model for multiple languages with the aim of improving automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance on low-resource languages, and over-all simplifying deployment of ASR systems that support diverse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-09 Vineel Pratap , Anuroop Sriram , Paden Tomasello , Awni Hannun , Vitaliy Liptchinsky , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ronan Collobert

Sign language (SL) is an essential communication form for hearing-impaired and deaf people, enabling engagement within the broader society. Despite its significance, limited public awareness of SL often leads to inequitable access to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Soukeina Elhassen , Lama Al Khuzayem , Areej Alhothali , Ohoud Alzamzami , Nahed Alowaidi

Dialectal Arabic (DA) poses a persistent challenge for natural language processing (NLP), as most everyday communication in the Arab world occurs in dialects that diverge significantly from Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). This linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Abdullah Alabdullah , Lifeng Han , Chenghua Lin