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Concerning new physics beyond the Standard Model we explore the discovery and analysis potentials of polarized (hadronic) experiments and we compare with the unpolarized case. For discovery, beam polarization is helpful in the case of…

The recent detection of linear polarization from GRB120206 has piqued the interest of the community in this relatively unexplored avenue of research. Here, we review the current status and prospects for GRB polarimetry at hard X-ray and…

We provide a brief topical outline of the persisting problem of the hyperon polarization and consider some future experimental prospects. The predictions which deserve experimental verification are proposed.

Star test polarimetry is an imaging polarimetry technique in which an element with spatially-varying birefringence is placed in the pupil plane to encode polarization information into the point-spread function (PSF) of an imaging system. In…

In this contribution I summarize some recent successes, and focus on remaining challenges, in understanding the formation and evolution of planetary systems in the context of the Blue Dots initiative. Because our understanding is…

This report first describes the status quo regarding the emerging deployment of very large groups of low-Earth-orbit satellites in the late 2010s, the concerns raised by the international astronomy community, and steps the community took to…

The coming years will see routine use of solar data of unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, time cadence, and completeness in the wavelength domain. To capitalize on the soon to be available radio facilities such as the expanded…

An international conference Radio Stars in the Era of New Observatories was held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory on 2024 April 17-19. The conference brought together more than 60 researchers from around the…

A group of 72 members of the astrochemistry and spectroscopy communities assembled at Emory University in October, 2012, to discuss the state-of-the art in molecular laboratory spectroscopic techniques used to study molecules of…

We review the science case for studying CMB polarization. We then discuss the main issues related to the analysis of forth-coming polarized CMB data, such as those expected from balloon-borne (e.g. BOOMERanG) and satellite (e.g. Planck)…

This paper forms part of a long-term project to put field electron emission (FE) onto a better scientific basis, by seeking reliable quantitative agreement between theory and experiment, especially as regards emission-current values. The…

We explore new opportunities for solar physics that could be realized by future missions providing sustained observations from vantage points away from the Sun-Earth line. These include observations from the far side of the Sun, at high…

Precise measurements of cosmic microwave background polarization require rigorous control of instrumental systematics. For the South Pole Telescope's third-generation camera (SPT-3G), accurate characterization of the beam is critical for…

We review the current situation in polarized scattering experiments. We describe the theoretical interpretation of inclusive deep inelastic processes, the current experimental situation and perturbative analyses which extract structure…

X-ray polarimetry is now providing a new way to look at the high energy sky. The addition of two observables, polarization fraction and angle, reveals crucial new information on the structure of accretion flows and magnetic fields in…

We describe the present status of the Unitarity Triangle and we give an outlook for its future determinations. We discuss new sets of fundamental flavour parameters and comment briefly on new physics beyond the Standard Model.

These reports present the results of the 2013 Community Summer Study of the APS Division of Particles and Fields ("Snowmass 2013") on the future program of particle physics in the U.S. Chapter 4, on the Cosmic Frontier, discusses the…

Radio astronomy provides a unique window on the universe, allowing us to study: non-thermal processes (galactic nuclei, quasars, pulsars) at the highest angular resolution using VLBI, with low opacity. It is the most interesting wave band…

Polarizations of electromagnetic waves from distant galaxies are known to be correlated with the source orientations. These quantities have been used to search for signals of cosmological birefringence. We review and classify transformation…

We discuss some aspects of recent research as well as more general issues about motivation, useful methods and open problems in the field of cosmological singularities. In particular, we review some of the approaches to the general area and…