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The cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) is a fundamental and practical condition in observational cosmology that connects the luminosity distance and angular diameter distance. Testing its validity offers a powerful tool to probe new…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Jie Zheng , Da-Chun Qiang , Zhi-Qiang You , Darshan Kumar

Measurements of strong gravitational lensing jointly with type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observations have been used to test the validity of the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), $D_L(z)/[(1+z)^2D_A(z)]=\eta=1$, where $D_L(z)$ and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 R. F. L. Holanda , V. C. Busti , F. S. Lima , J. S. Alcaniz

A distance-deviation consistency and model-independent method to test the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) is provided. The method is worth attention on two aspects: firstly, a distance-deviation consistency method is used to pair…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 C. C. Zhou , J. Hu , M. C. LI , X. Zhang , G. W. Fang

Two types of distance measurement are important in cosmological observations, the angular diameter distance $d_A$ and the luminosity distance $d_L$. In the present work, we carried out an assessment of the theoretical relation between these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Purba Mukherjee , Ankan Mukherjee

We present a joint test of cosmic curvature, $\Omega_{k0}$, and the cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR) using the Etherington relation, which connects the luminosity and angular diameter distances at the same redshift. In this work, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 Darshan Kumar , Jie Zheng , Zhi-Qiang You , Da-Chun Qiang

The cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR), expressed as $ D_L/D_A(1+z)^{-2}=1 $, is a fundamental relation in cosmology connecting luminosity distance ($ D_L $) and angular diameter distance ($ D_A $). Any departure from this relation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-18 Jian Hu , Yi Liu , Jian-Ping Hu , Zhongmu Li

The cosmic Distance Duality Relation (DDR) is a fundamental prediction of metric gravity under photon number conservation. In this work, we perform a model-independent test of the DDR using Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae (SN Ia), \emph{Fermi}…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Yukang Xie , Yang Liu , Puxun Wu , Xiangyun Fu , Nan Liang

In this paper we analyse the implications of the latest cosmological data sets to test the Etherington's distance duality relation (DDR), which connects the luminosity distance $D_L$ and angular diameter distance $D_A$ at the same redshift.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-21 Jing-Zhao Qi , Shuo Cao , Chenfa Zheng , Yu Pan , Zejun Li , Jin Li , Tonghua Liu

In this paper, we test the cosmic distance duality (CDD) relation using the luminosity distances from joint light-curve analysis (JLA) type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) sample and angular diameter distance sample from galaxy clusters. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 J. Hu , F. Y. Wang

One of the most crucial tests of the standard cosmological model consists on testing possible variations on fundamental physical constants. In frameworks such as the minimally extended varying speed of light model (meVSL), the relationship…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-01 Jaiane Santos , Carlos Bengaly , Rodrigo S. Gonçalves

The cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) is a fundamental assumption in cosmological studies. Given the redshift $z$, it relates luminosity distance $D^L$ with angular diameter distance $D^A$ through $(1+z)^2D^A/D^L\equiv1$. Many efforts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-04 Kai Liao

The cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR), $d_L(z) (1 + z)^{2}/d_{A}(z) = \eta$, where $\eta = 1$ and $d_L(z)$ and $d_A(z)$ are, respectively, the luminosity and the angular diameter distances, holds as long as the number of photons is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 R. S. Gonçalves , A. Bernui , R. F. L. Holanda , J. S. Alcaniz

We investigate whether a violation of the distance duality relation (DDR), $D_L(z) = (1+z)^2 D_A(z)$, connecting the angular diameter and luminosity distances, can explain the Hubble tension and alter the evidence for dynamical dark energy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-15 Elsa M. Teixeira , William Giarè , Natalie B. Hogg , Thomas Montandon , Adèle Poudou , Vivian Poulin

Observations in the cosmological domain are heavily dependent on the validity of the cosmic distance-duality (DD) relation, D_L(z) (1 + z)^{2}/D_{A}(z) = 1, an exact result required by the Etherington reciprocity theorem where D_L(z) and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 R. F. L. Holanda , J. A. S. Lima , M. B. Ribeiro

The construction of the cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR) has been widely studied. However, its consistency with various new observables remains a topic of interest. We present a new way to constrain the CDDR $\eta(z)$ using different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Akshay Rana , Deepak Jain , Shobhit Mahajan , Amitabha Mukherjee , R. F. L. Holanda

The Cosmic Distance Duality Relation (CDDR) connects the angular diameter distance ($d_A$) and the luminosity distance ($d_L$) at a given redshift. This fundamental relation holds in any metric theory of gravity, provided that photon number…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-15 Brijesh Kanodia , Ujjwal Upadhyay , Yashi Tiwari

In this paper we discuss a new cosmological model-independent test for the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), $\eta = D_{L}(L)(1+z)^{-2}/D_{A}(z)=1$, where $D_{A}(z)$ and $D_{L}(z)$ are the angular and luminosity distances,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-29 R. S. Goncalves , R. F. L. Holanda , J. S. Alcaniz

As an exact result required by the Etherington reciprocity theorem, the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), $\eta(z)=D_L(z)(1+z)^{-2}/D_A(z)=1$ plays an essential part in modern cosmology. In this paper, we present a new method…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Liu Tonghua , Cao Shuo , Ma Shuai , Liu Yuting , Zheng Chenfa , Wang Jieci

The distance-duality relation (DDR) between the luminosity distance $D_L$ and the angular diameter distance $D_A$ is viewed as a powerful tool for testing for the opacity of the Universe, being independent of any cosmological model. It was…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Vaclav Vavrycuk , Pavel Kroupa

In this paper, we propose a new test to the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), $D_L=D_A(1+z)^2$, where $D_L$ and $D_A$ are the luminosity and angular diameter distances, respectively. The data used correspond to 61 Type Ia Supernova…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 R. F. L. Holanda , L. R. Colaço , S. H. Pereira , R. Silva