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We present the arguments suggesting that time is emergent in quantum gravity and discuss extensively, but without any technical detail, the many aspects that can be involved in such emergence. We refer to both the physical issues that need…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-10-19 Daniele Oriti

Any canonical quantum theory can be understood to arise from the compatibility of the statistical geometry of distinguishable observations with the canonical Poisson structure of Hamiltonian dynamics. This geometric perspective offers a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Vishnu Jejjala , Djordje Minic , Chia-Hsiung Tze

We discuss the problem of time in quantum mechanics. In the traditional formulation time enters the model as a~parameter, not an observable. In our model time is a quantum observable as any other quantum quantity and it is also a component…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-13 Andrzej Góźdź , Marek Góźdź , Aleksandra Pędrak

On the path towards quantum gravity, we find friction between temporal relations in quantum mechanics (QM) (where they are fixed and field-independent), and in general relativity (where they are field-dependent and dynamic). This paper aims…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-28 Henrique Gomes

A deformation of special relativistic kinematics (possible signal of a theory of quantum gravity at low energies) leads to a modification of the notion of spacetime. At the classical level, this modification is required when one considers a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-02 J. M. Carmona , J. L. Cortes , J. J. Relancio

The aim of this work is to review the concepts of time in quantum mechanics and general relativity to show their incompatibility. We show that the absolute character of Newtonian time is present in quantum mechanics and also partially in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alfredo Macias , Hernando Quevedo

The phenomenologically observed flatness - or near flatness - of spacetime cannot be understood as emerging from continuum Planck (or sub-Planck) scales using known physics. Using dimensional arguments it is demonstrated that any…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-06-14 D. Bennett , H. B. Nielsen

Based on the consideration of naturalness and physical facts in Einstein's theories of relativity, a nontrivial spacetime physical picture, which has a slight difference from the standard one, is introduced by making a further distinction…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-27 ChiYi Chen

The absence of unique time evolution in Einstein's spacetime description of gravity leads to the hitherto unresolved `problem of time' in quantum gravity. Shape Dynamics is an objectively equivalent representation of gravity that trades…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Julian Barbour , Tim Koslowski , Flavio Mercati

The task of quantizing gravity is compared with Einstein's relativization of gravity. The philosophical and physical foundations of general relativity are briefly reviewed. The Ehlers-Pirani-Schild scheme of operationally determining the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeeva S. Anandan

The physical concept of locality is first analyzed in the special relativistic quantum regime, and compared with that of microcausality and the local commutativity of quantum fields. Its extrapolation to quantum general relativity on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Eduard Prugovecki

We argue that theories of quantum gravity constructed with the help of (Causal) Dynamical Triangulations have given us the most informative, quantitative models to date of quantum spacetime. Most importantly, these are derived dynamically…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 J. Ambjorn , S. Jordan , J. Jurkiewicz , R. Loll

The paper shows how the Bohmian approach to quantum physics can be applied to develop a clear and coherent ontology of non-perturbative quantum gravity. We suggest retaining discrete objects as the primitive ontology also when it comes to a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Antonio Vassallo , Michael Esfeld

In prior work, we have argued that spacetime functionalism provides tools for clarifying the conceptual difficulties specifically linked to the emergence of spacetime in certain approaches to quantum gravity. We argue in this article that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Vincent Lam , Christian Wuthrich

Because of the non-locality of quantum entanglement, realist approaches to completing quantum mechanics have implications for our conception of space. Quantum gravity also is expected to predict phenomena in which the locality of classical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-06-01 Lee Smolin

Conventional approaches to quantum gravity regard quantum principles, such as nonlocality and superposition, as fundamental properties of nature and therefore argue that gravity must also be quantized. In contrast, this work introduces a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-16 Filip Strubbe

Noncommutative gravity in three dimensions with vanishing cosmological constant is examined. We find a solution which describes a spacetime in the presence of a torsional source. We estimate the phase shift for each partial wave of a scalar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-11 Kiyoshi Shiraishi , Kenji Sakamoto , Nahomi Kan

I will discuss some aspects of the concept of "point" in quantum gravity, using mainly the tool of noncommutative geometry. I will argue that at Planck's distances the very concept of point may lose its meaning. I will then show how, using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-09 Fedele Lizzi

Recently, it is shown that, the quantum effects of matter are well described by the conformal degree of freedom of the space-time metric. On the other hand, it is a wellknown fact that according to Einstein's gravity theory, gravity and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Ali Shojai

This paper examines two cosmological models of quantum gravity (from string theory and loop quantum gravity) to investigate the foundational and conceptual issues arising from quantum treatments of the big bang. While the classical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Nick Huggett , Christian Wuthrich