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Reducing the circuit depth of quantum circuits is a crucial bottleneck to enabling quantum technology. This depth is inversely proportional to the number of available quantum gates that have been synthesised. Moreover, quantum gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Francesco Preti , Tommaso Calarco , Felix Motzoi

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Gerhard W. Dueck , Anirban Pathak , Md Mazder Rahman , Abhishek Shukla , Anindita Banerjee

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm can naturally be applied to combinatorial search problems on graphs. The quantum circuit has p applications of a unitary operator that respects the locality of the graph. On a graph with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Edward Farhi , David Gamarnik , Sam Gutmann

Random quantum circuits are a central concept in quantum information theory with applications ranging from demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to descriptions of scrambling in strongly-interacting systems and black holes. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-23 Jonas Haferkamp , Nicholas Hunter-Jones

In order to achieve speedup over conventional classical computing for finding solution of computationally hard problems, quantum computing was introduced. Quantum algorithms can be simulated in a pseudo quantum environment, but…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Mrityunjay Ghosh , Nivedita Dey , Debdeep Mitra , Amlan Chakrabarti

We give new bounds on the circuit complexity of the quantum Fourier transform (QFT). We give an upper bound of O(log n + log log (1/epsilon)) on the circuit depth for computing an approximation of the QFT with respect to the modulus 2^n…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Cleve , John Watrous

We define and construct efficient depth-universal and almost-size-universal quantum circuits. Such circuits can be viewed as general-purpose simulators for central classes of quantum circuits and can be used to capture the computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-04-16 Debajyoti Bera , Stephen Fenner , Frederic Green , Steve Homer

A physical limitation in quantum circuit design is the fact that gates in a quantum system can only act on qubits that are physically adjacent in the architecture. To overcome this problem, SWAP gates need to be inserted to make the circuit…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Frank de Meijer , Dion Gijswijt , Renata Sotirov

Quantum algorithms promise quadratic or exponential speedups for applications in cryptography, chemistry and material sciences. The topologies of today's quantum computers offer limited connectivity, leading to significant overheads for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-10 Sebastian Brandhofer , Hans Peter Büchler , Ilia Polian

A significant hurdle towards realization of practical and scalable quantum computing is to protect the quantum states from inherent noises during the computation. In physical implementation of quantum circuits, a long-distance interaction…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Debjyoti Bhattacharjee , Anupam Chattopadhyay

It is well understood that a two-dimensional grid of locally-interacting qubits is a promising platform for achieving fault tolerant quantum computing. However in the near-future, it may prove less challenging to develop lower dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Michael Fogarty

We prove several new lower bounds for constant depth quantum circuits. The main result is that parity (and hence fanout) requires log depth circuits, when the circuits are composed of single qubit and arbitrary size Toffoli gates, and when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maosen Fang , Stephen Fenner , Frederic Green , Steven Homer , Yong Zhang

When using unitary gate sequences, the growth in depth of many quantum circuits with output size poses significant obstacles to practical quantum computation. The quantum fan-out operation, which reduces the circuit depth of quantum…

Optimizing quantum circuits by reducing circuit depth is essential for improving the efficiency and scalability of quantum algorithms, particularly as quantum hardware continues to evolve. This can be achieved by restructuring quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Folkert de Ronde , Stephan Wong , Sebastian Feld

We construct a classical algorithm that designs quantum circuits for algorithmic quantum simulation of arbitrary qudit channels on fault-tolerant quantum computers within a pre-specified error tolerance with respect to diamond-norm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-23 Dong-Sheng Wang , Barry C. Sanders

We present a simple 2d local circuit that implements all-to-all interactions via perturbative gadgets. We find an analytic relation between the values $J_{ij}$ of the desired interaction and the parameters of the 2d circuit, as well as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Evgeny Mozgunov

In breakthrough work, Bravyi, Gosset, and K\"{o}nig (BGK) [Science, 2018] unconditionally proved that constant depth quantum circuits are more powerful than their classical counterparts. Their result is equivalent to saying that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Daochen Wang

Recent experiments demonstrated that the spin state of individual atoms on surfaces can be quantum-coherently controlled through all-electric electron spin resonance. By constructing interacting arrays of atoms this results in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Hoang-Anh Le , Saba Taherpour , Denis Janković , Christoph Wolf

We present a circuit construction for a new fixed-frequency superconducting qubit and show how it can be scaled up to a grid with strictly local interactions. The circuit QED realization we propose implements $\sigma_z$-type coupling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-03 Susanne Richer , David DiVincenzo

Low depth measurement-based quantum computation with qudits ($d$-level systems) is investigated and a precise relationship between this powerful model and qudit quantum circuits is derived in terms of computational depth and size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-23 Timothy J. Proctor