Related papers: On balanced subgroups of the multiplicative group

A balanced pair in a finite ordered set $P=(V,\leq)$ is a pair $(x,y)$ of elements of $V$ such that the proportion of linear extensions of $P$ that put $x$ before $y$ is in the real interval $[1/3, 2/3]$. We prove that every finite $N$-free…

Given a graph $G$, a 2-coloring of the edges of $K_n$ is said to contain a balanced copy of $G$ if we can find a copy of $G$ such that half of its edges are in each color class. If, for every sufficiently large $n$, there exists an integer…

Let B be a block of a finite group G with defect group D. We prove that the exponent of the center of D is determined by the character table of G. In particular, we show that D is cyclic if and only if B contains a "large" family of…

The sandpile group of a connected graph is the group of recurrent configurations in the abelian sandpile model on this graph. We study the structure of this group for the case of regular trees. A description of this group is the following:…

Let $G$ be a semisimple algebraic group. We develop a machinery for manipulation and manufacture of well-rounded families $\left\{ \mathcal{B}_{T}\right\} _{T>0}\subset G$ as they were defined in a work by A. Gorodnik and A. Nevo. The…

A sublattice of the three-dimensional integer lattice $\mathbb Z^3$ is called cubic sublattice if there exists a basis of the sublattice whose elements are pairwise orthogonal and of equal lengths. We show that for an integer vector…

Ideal class pairings map the rational points of rank $r\geq 1$ elliptic curves $E/\Q$ to the ideal class groups $\CL(-D)$ of certain imaginary quadratic fields. These pairings imply that $$h(-D) \geq \frac{1}{2}(c(E)-\varepsilon)(\log…

A non-cyclic finite $p$-group $G$ is said to be thin if every normal subgroup of $G$ lies between two consecutive terms of the lower central series and $|\gamma_i(G):\gamma_{i+1}(G)|\le p^2$ for all $i\geq 1$. In this paper, we determine…

Let $B$ and $R$ be point sets (of {\em blue} and {\em red} points, respectively) in the plane, such that $P:=B\cup R$ is in general position, and $|P|$ is even. A line $\ell$ is {\em balanced} if it spans one blue and one red point, and on…

For $d\ge 1$, a word $w\in \{ 0,1\}^{\Z^d}$ is called balanced if there exists $M > 0$ such that for any two rectangles $R, R^{'}\subset\Z^d$ that are translates of each other, the number of occurrences of the symbol $1$ in $R$ and $R^{'}$…

A number is perfect if it is the sum of its proper divisors; here we call a finite group `perfect' if its order is the sum of the orders of its proper normal subgroups. (This conflicts with standard terminology but confusion should not…

The Galvin problem asks for the minimum size of a family $\mathcal{F} \subseteq \binom{[n]}{n/2}$ with the property that, for any set $A$ of size $\frac n 2$, there is a set $S \in \mathcal{F}$ which is balanced on $A$, meaning that $|S…

A plane configuration {v_1,...,v_m} of vectors in {\mathbb R}^2 is said to be balanced if for any index i, the set of the det(v_i,v_j) for j\neq i is symmetric around the origin. A plane configuration is said to be uniform if every pair of…

Given any digraph $D$ without loops or multiple arcs, there is a natural construction of a semigroup $\langle D\rangle$ of transformations. To every arc $(a,b)$ of $D$ is associated the idempotent transformation $(a\to b)$ mapping $a$ to…

Let $D$ be a division ring with infinite center, $K$ a proper division subring of $D$ and $N$ an almost subnormal subgroup of the multiplicative group $D^*$ of $D$. The aim of this paper is to show that if $K$ is $N$-invariant and $N$ is…

Let $E$ be the elliptic curve $y^2=x(x+1)(x+t)$ over the field $\Fp(t)$ where $p$ is an odd prime. We study the arithmetic of $E$ over extensions $\Fq(t^{1/d})$ where $q$ is a power of $p$ and $d$ is an integer prime to $p$. The rank of $E$…

For nonnegative integers $k, d_1, \ldots, d_k$, a graph is $(d_1, \ldots, d_k)$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $k$ parts so that the $i$th part induces a graph with maximum degree at most $d_i$ for all $i\in\{1, \ldots,…

Weight-balanced and doubly stochastic digraphs are two classes of digraphs that play an essential role in a variety of cooperative control problems, including formation control, distributed averaging, and optimization. We refer to a digraph…

Let $X$ be a non-empty set of positive integers and $X^*=X\setminus \{1\}$. The divisibility graph $D(X)$ has $X^*$ as the vertex set and there is an edge connecting $a$ and $b$ with $a, b\in X^*$ whenever $a$ divides $b$ or $b$ divides…

A real symmetric matrix $M$ is completely positive semidefinite if it admits a Gram representation by (Hermitian) positive semidefinite matrices of any size $d$. The smallest such $d$ is called the (complex) completely positive semidefinite…