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This paper studies the classical water wave problem with vorticity described by the Euler equations with a free surface under the influence of gravity over a flat bottom. Based on fundamental work \cite{ConstantinStrauss}, we first obtain…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Guowei Dai , Yong Zhang

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional water waves characterized by a significant adverse constant vorticity over flows without stagnation points. Surprisingly, we discover qualitative distinctions between this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Evgeniy Lokharu

This paper establishes finite-time splash singularity formation for 3D viscous incompressible neo-Hookean elastodynamics with free boundaries. The system features mixed stress-kinematic conditions where viscous-elastic stresses balance…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Wei Zhang , Chengchun Hao , Jie Fu

We study the two dimensional water waves problem with surface tension in the case when there is a non-zero contact angle between the free surface and the bottom. In the presence of surface tension, dissipations take place at the contact…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Mei Ming , Chao Wang

Inspired by the numerical evidence of a potential 3D Euler singularity by Luo-Hou [30,31] and the recent breakthrough by Elgindi [11] on the singularity formation of the 3D Euler equation without swirl with $C^{1,\alpha}$ initial velocity,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Jiajie Chen , Thomas Y. Hou

In this paper we investigate analytically the formation of finite time singularities in the three dimensional incompressible Euler equations under the model of Gibbon, Fokas, and Doering for vorticity stretching within a bounded cylindrical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-11 Yinshen Xu , Miguel D. Bustamante

In this paper we study a 2D Oldroyd free-boundary model which describes the evolution of a viscoelastic fluid. We prove existence of splash singularities, namely points where the boundary remains smooth but self-intersects. This paper…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Elena Di Iorio , Pierangelo Marcati , Stefano Spirito

In this paper we show a structural stability result for water waves. The main motivation for this result is that we would like to exhibit a water wave whose interface starts as a graph and ends in a splash. Numerical simulations lead to an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-01-27 Angel Castro , Diego Córdoba , Charles Fefferman , Francisco Gancedo , Javier Gómez-Serrano

To date it has not been possible to prove whether or not the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations develop singular behaviour in finite time. Some possible singular scenarios, as for instance shock-waves, are very important from…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-11 Carlos Escudero

This paper shows finite time singularity formation for the Muskat problem in a stable regime. The framework we found is with a dry region, where the density and the viscosity are set equal to $0$ (the gradient of the pressure is equal to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Angel Castro , Diego Cordoba , Charles Fefferman , Francisco Gancedo

We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with a free-boundary governed by surface tension. The solution is found using a topological fixed-point theorem for a nonlinear…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Daniel Coutand , Steve Shkoller

We find a smooth solution of the 2D Euler equation on a bounded domain which exists and is unique in a natural class locally in time, but blows up in finite time in the sense of its vorticity losing continuity. The domain's boundary is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Alexander Kiselev , Andrej Zlatos

We establish the first complete classification of finite-time blow-up scenarios for strong solutions to the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations with surface tension in a bounded domain possessing a closed, moving free boundary.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Chengchun Hao , Tao Luo , Siqi Yang

We consider the sloshing problem for an incompressible, inviscid, irrotational fluid in an open container, including effects due to surface tension on the free surface. We restrict ourselves to a constant contact angle and seek…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-06-21 Chee Han Tan , Christel Hohenegger , Braxton Osting

In connection with the recent proposal for possible singularity formation at the boundary for solutions of 3d axi-symmetric incompressible Euler's equations (Luo and Hou, 2013), we study models for the dynamics at the boundary and show that…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Kyudong Choi , Thomas Y. Hou , Alexander Kiselev , Guo Luo , Vladimir Sverak , Yao Yao

The problem we are concerned with is whether singularities form in finite time in incompressible fluid flows. It is well known that the answer is ``no'' in the case of Euler and Navier-Stokes equations in dimension two. In dimension three…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Diego Cordoba

In this paper we study the singularity formation for the geometric flow of complex curves $$z_t = -z_{xxx} + \frac{3}{2}\o z_{x} z_{xx}^2,$$ that was derived [R. E. Goldstein and D. M. Petrich, {\em Phys. Rev. Lett.}, 69 (1992), pp.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-08-30 Piotr Kokocki , Kamil Dunst

In this paper, we prove the existence of smooth initial data for the two-dimensional free boundary incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, for which the interface remains regular but collapses into a splash singularity…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Chengchun Hao , Siqi Yang

This paper investigates solitary water waves propagating along the surface of a two-dimensional dielectric fluid with constant vorticity in the presence of an external electric field. We formulate the system as a nonlinear free boundary…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Tingting Feng , Yong Zhang , Zhitao Zhang

We consider the free boundary problem for a layer of viscous, incompressible fluid in a uniform gravitational field, lying above a rigid bottom and below the atmosphere. For the "semi-small" initial data, we prove the zero surface tension…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-10-07 Zhong Tan , Yanjin Wang