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We analyse the recent claim that a violation of a Bell's inequality has been observed in the $B$--meson system [A. Go, {\em Journal of Modern Optics} {\bf 51} (2004) 991]. The results of this experiment are a convincing proof of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Bramon , R. Escribano , G. Garbarino

Bell inequalities are mathematical constructs that demarcate the boundary between quantum and classical physics. A new class of multiplicative Bell inequalities originating from a volume maximization game (based on products of correlators…

Bell inequalities are important tools in contrasting classical and quantum behaviors. To date, most Bell inequalities are linear combinations of statistical correlations between remote parties. Nevertheless, finding the classical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Amit Te'eni , Bar Y. Peled , Avishy Carmi , Eliahu Cohen

It is not generally known, that the inequality that Bell derived using three random variables must be identically satisfied by any three corresponding data sets of plus and minus 1s that are writable on paper.This surprising fact is not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 Louis Sica

Understanding the limits of quantum theory in terms of uncertainty and correlation has always been a topic of foundational interest. Surprisingly this pursuit can also bear interesting applications such as device-independent quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-13 Le Phuc Thinh

We will demonstrate in this paper that Bell's theorem (Bell's inequality) does not really conflict with quantum mechanics, the controversy between them originates from the different definitions for the expectation value using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zheng-Chuan Wang

The violation of Bell, CHSH and CH inequalities indicates only that the assumption of "conterfactual definiteness" and/or the probabilistic models used in proofs were incorrect. In this paper we discuss in detail an intimate relation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-26 Marian Kupczynski

Bell inequalities have traditionally been used to demonstrate that quantum theory is nonlocal, in the sense that there exist correlations generated from composite quantum states that cannot be explained by means of local hidden variables.…

Measurement incompatibility and quantum non-locality are two key features of quantum theory. Violations of Bell inequalities require quantum entanglement and incompatibility of the measurements used by the two parties involved in the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Faedi Loulidi , Ion Nechita

Bell's theorem basically states that local hidden variable theory cannot predict the correlations produced by quantum mechanics. It is based on the assumption that Alice and Bob can choose measurements from a measurement set containing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-22 Yang D. Li

Bell inequalities play a central role in the study of quantum non-locality and entanglement, with many applications in quantum information. Despite the huge literature on Bell inequalities, it is not easy to find a clear conceptual answer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-21 Samson Abramsky , Lucien Hardy

A recent experiment yielding results in agreement with quantum theory and violating Bell inequalities was interpreted [Nature 526 (29 Octobert 2015) p. 682 and p. 649] as ruling out any local realistic theory of nature. But quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-07 Robert B. Griffiths

We analyze and compare the mathematical formulations of the criterion for separability for bipartite density matrices and the Bell inequalities. We show that a violation of a Bell inequality can formally be expressed as a witness for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Barbara M. Terhal

Correlations for the Bell gedankenexperiment are constructed using probabilities given by quantum mechanics, and nonlocal information. They satisfy Bell's inequality and exhibit spatial non stationarity in angle. Correlations for three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Louis Sica

Recent experimental tests of Bell inequalities confirm that entangled quantum systems cannot be described by local classical theories but still do not answer the question whether or not quantum systems could in principle be modelled by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Kawthar Al Rasbi , Lewis A. Clark , Almut Beige

The non-locality of quantum correlations is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. The Bell inequality serves as a benchmark for distinguishing between predictions made by quantum theory and local hidden variable theory (LHVT). Recent…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-07-02 BESIII Collaboration , M. Ablikim , M. N. Achasov , P. Adlarson , X. C. Ai , R. Aliberti , A. Amoroso , M. R. An , Q. An , Y. Bai , O. Bakina , I. Balossino , Y. Ban , V. Batozskaya , K. Begzsuren , N. Berger , M. Berlowski , M. Bertani , D. Bettoni , F. Bianchi , E. Bianco , A. Bortone , I. Boyko , R. A. Briere , A. Brueggemann , H. Cai , X. Cai , A. Calcaterra , G. F. Cao , N. Cao , S. A. Cetin , J. F. Chang , T. T. Chang , W. L. Chang , G. R. Che , G. Chelkov , C. Chen , Chao Chen , G. Chen , H. S. Chen , M. L. Chen , S. J. Chen , S. M. Chen , T. Chen , X. R. Chen , X. T. Chen , Y. B. Chen , Y. Q. Chen , Z. J. Chen , W. S. Cheng , S. K. Choi , X. Chu , G. Cibinetto , S. C. Coen , F. Cossio , J. J. Cui , H. L. Dai , J. P. Dai , A. Dbeyssi , R. E. de Boer , D. Dedovich , Z. Y. Deng , A. Denig , I. Denysenko , M. Destefanis , F. DeMori , B. Ding , X. X. Ding , Y. Ding , Y. Ding , J. Dong , L. Y. Dong , M. Y. Dong , X. Dong , M. C. Du , S. X. Du , Z. H. Duan , P. Egorov , Y. L. Fan , J. Fang , S. S. Fang , W. X. Fang , Y. Fang , R. Farinelli , L. Fava , F. Feldbauer , G. Felici , C. Q. Feng , J. H. Feng , K. Fischer , M. Fritsch , C. Fritzsch , C. D. Fu , J. L. Fu , Y. W. Fu , H. Gao , Y. N. Gao , YangGao , S. Garbolino , I. Garzia , P. T. Ge , Z. W. Ge , C. Geng , E. M. Gersabeck , AGilman , K. Goetzen , L. Gong , W. X. Gong , W. Gradl , S. Gramigna , M. Greco , M. H. Gu , C. YGuan , Z. L. Guan , A. Q. Guo , L. B. Guo , M. J. Guo , R. P. Guo , Y. P. Guo , A. Guskov , T. T. Han , W. Y. Han , X. Q. Hao , F. A. Harris , K. K. He , K. L. He , F. HH. . Heinsius , C. H. Heinz , Y. K. Heng , C. Herold , T. Holtmann , P. C. Hong , G. Y. Hou , X. T. Hou , Y. R. Hou , Z. L. Hou , H. M. Hu , J. F. Hu , T. Hu , Y. Hu , G. S. Huang , K. X. Huang , L. Q. Huang , X. T. Huang , Y. P. Huang , T. Hussain , NHüsken , W. Imoehl , J. Jackson , S. Jaeger , S. Janchiv , J. H. Jeong , Q. Ji , Q. P. Ji , X. B. Ji , X. L. Ji , Y. Y. 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Pathak , P. Patteri , Y. P. Pei , M. Pelizaeus , H. P. Peng , K. Peters , J. L. Ping , R. G. Ping , S. Plura , S. Pogodin , V. Prasad , F. Z. Qi , H. Qi , H. R. Qi , M. Qi , T. Y. Qi , S. Qian , W. B. Qian , C. F. Qiao , J. J. Qin , L. Q. Qin , X. P. Qin , X. S. Qin , Z. H. Qin , J. F. Qiu , S. Q. Qu , C. F. Redmer , K. J. Ren , A. Rivetti , V. Rodin , M. Rolo , G. Rong , Ch. Rosner , S. N. Ruan , N. Salone , A. Sarantsev , Y. Schelhaas , K. Schoenning , M. Scodeggio , K. Y. Shan , W. Shan , X. Y. Shan , J. F. Shangguan , L. G. Shao , M. Shao , C. P. Shen , H. F. Shen , W. H. Shen , X. Y. Shen , B. A. Shi , H. C. Shi , J. L. Shi , J. Y. Shi , Q. Q. Shi , R. S. Shi , X. Shi , J. J. Song , T. Z. Song , W. M. Song , Y. J. Song , Y. X. Song , S. Sosio , S. Spataro , F. Stieler , Y. J. Su , G. B. Sun , G. X. Sun , H. Sun , H. K. Sun , J. F. Sun , K. Sun , L. Sun , S. S. Sun , T. Sun , W. Y. Sun , Y. Sun , Y. J. Sun , Y. Z. Sun , Z. T. Sun , Y. X. Tan , C. J. Tang , G. Y. Tang , J. 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For a system composed of two particles Bell's theorem asserts that averages of physical quantities determined from local variables must conform to a family of inequalities. In this work we show that a classical model containing a local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-22 A. Matzkin

Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Palash Pandya , Shubhayan Sarkar , Remigiusz Augusiak

Quantum correlations which violate a Bell inequality are presumed to power better-than-classical protocols for solving communication complexity problems (CCPs). How general is this statement? We show that violations of correlation-type Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-09 Armin Tavakoli , Marek Żukowski , Časlav Brukner

It has been experimentally confirmed that quantum physical phenomena can violate the Information Bell Inequalities. A violation of the one or the other of these Information Bell Inequalites is equivalent to a violation of local realism…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Gary Bruno Schmid , Rudolf M. Duenki