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In the online multiple knapsack problem, an algorithm faces a stream of items, and each item has to be either rejected or stored irrevocably in one of $n$ bins (knapsacks) of equal size. The gain of an~algorithm is equal to the sum of sizes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Marcin Bienkowski , Maciej Pacut , Krzysztof Piecuch

The problem of Offline Policy Evaluation (OPE) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a critical step towards applying RL in real-life applications. Existing work on OPE mostly focus on evaluating a fixed target policy $\pi$, which does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Ming Yin , Yu Bai , Yu-Xiang Wang

Effective properties of materials with random heterogeneous structures are typically determined by homogenising the mechanical quantity of interest in a window of observation. The entire problem setting encompasses the solution of a local…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Felipe Rocha , Simone Deparis , Pablo Antolin , Annalisa Buffa

LayerNorm and RMSNorm impose fundamentally different geometric constraints on their outputs - and this difference has a precise, quantifiable consequence for model complexity. We prove that LayerNorm's mean-centering step, by confining data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sungbae Chun

We study nonstationary Online Linear Programming (OLP), where $n$ orders arrive sequentially with reward-resource consumption pairs that form a sequence of independent, but not necessarily identically distributed, random vectors. At the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Haoran Xu , Owen Shen , Peter Glynn , Yinyu Ye , Patrick Jaillet

In this paper, we develop a simple and fast online algorithm for solving a class of binary integer linear programs (LPs) arisen in general resource allocation problem. The algorithm requires only one single pass through the input data and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xiaocheng Li , Chunlin Sun , Yinyu Ye

Boolean cardinality constraints state that at most (at least, or exactly) $k$ out of $n$ propositional literals can be true. We propose a new class of selection networks that can be used for an efficient encoding of them. Several comparator…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-17 Michał Karpiński , Marek Piotrów

We present a new perspective on the popular multi-class algorithmic techniques of one-vs-all and error correcting output codes. Rather than studying the behavior of these techniques for supervised learning, we establish a connection between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Maria Florina Balcan , Travis Dick , Yishay Mansour

Probabilistic metric embedding into trees is a powerful technique for designing online algorithms. The standard approach is to embed the entire underlying metric into a tree metric and then solve the problem on the latter. The overhead in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yair Bartal , Ora N. Fandina , Seeun William Umboh

Despite having the same basic prophet inequality setup and model of loss aversion, conclusions in our multi-dimensional model differs considerably from the one-dimensional model of Kleinberg et al. For example, Kleinberg et al. gives a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Linda Cai , Joshua Gardner , S. Matthew Weinberg

Ensembles, which employ a set of classifiers to enhance classification accuracy collectively, are crucial in the era of big data. However, although there is general agreement that the relation between ensemble size and its prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Enes Bektas , Fazli Can

This paper studies an integrated learning and optimization problem in which a prediction model estimates the right-hand-side parameters of a linear program (LP) using a contextual vector. Considering that such a prediction alters the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Jackson Forner , Miju Ahn , Harsha Gangammanavar

Prior work in multi-objective reinforcement learning typically uses linear reward scalarization with fixed weights, which provably fails to capture non-convex Pareto fronts and thus yields suboptimal results. This limitation becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yining Lu , Zilong Wang , Shiyang Li , Xin Liu , Changlong Yu , Qingyu Yin , Zhan Shi , Zixuan Zhang , Meng Jiang

Imagine yourself moving to another place, and therefore, you need to pack all of your belongings into moving boxes with some capacity. In the classical bin packing model, you would try to minimize the number of boxes, knowing the exact size…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Matthias Gehnen , Andreas Usdenski

We resolve an open question from (Christiano, 2014b) posed in COLT'14 regarding the optimal dependency of the regret achievable for online local learning on the size of the label set. In this framework the algorithm is shown a pair of items…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-25 Pranjal Awasthi , Moses Charikar , Kevin A. Lai , Andrej Risteski

The input to the NP-hard Point Line Cover problem (PLC) consists of a set $P$ of $n$ points on the plane and a positive integer $k$, and the question is whether there exists a set of at most $k$ lines which pass through all points in $P$. A…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-07-10 Stefan Kratsch , Geevarghese Philip , Saurabh Ray

We present prior robust algorithms for a large class of resource allocation problems where requests arrive one-by-one (online), drawn independently from an unknown distribution at every step. We design a single algorithm that, for every…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Nikhil R. Devanur , Kamal Jain , Balasubramanian Sivan , Christopher A. Wilkens

We study an edge-weighted online stochastic \emph{Generalized Assignment Problem} with \emph{unknown} Poisson arrivals. In this model, we consider a bipartite graph that contains offline bins and online items, where each offline bin is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Zihao Li , Hao Wang , Zhenzhen Yan

The online bin packing problem and its variants are regularly used to model server allocation problems. Modern concerns surrounding sustainability and overcommitment in cloud computing motivate bin packing models that capture costs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Jackson Bibbens , Cooper Sigrist , Bo Sun , Shahin Kamali , Mohammad Hajiesmaili

Best-of-$n$ is a widely used test-time scaling approach for LLM inference. Yet despite evidence that LLMs exhibit complementary strengths across tasks, traditionally best-of-$n$ relies on a single model to generate responses. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jonathan Geuter , Gregor Kornhardt