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We report on recent advances in rule-based graph programming, which allow us to match the time complexity of some fundamental imperative graph algorithms. In general, achieving the time complexity of graph algorithms implemented in…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ziad Ismaili Alaoui , Detlef Plump

Graph grammars form an interesting area of research because of their versatility in modelling diverse situations with graphs as the structures which are to be manipulated. A new class of graph grammars, nc-eNCE Graph Grammars has been…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jayakrishna Vijayakumar , Lisa Mathew

Given graphs as input, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) support the inference of nodes, edges, attributes, or graph properties. Graph Rewriting investigates the rule-based manipulation of graphs to model complex graph transformations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Adam Machowczyk , Reiko Heckel

Graph-based modeling plays a fundamental role in many areas of computer science. In this paper, we introduce systems of graph formulas with variables for specifying graph properties; this notion generalizes the graph formulas introduced in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Frank Drewes , Berthold Hoffmann , Mark Minas

Text-attributed graphs require models to effectively integrate both structural topology and semantic content. Recent approaches apply large language models to graphs by linearizing structures into token sequences through random walks. These…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Heng Zheng , Haochen You , Zijun Liu , Zijian Zhang , Lubin Gan , Hao Zhang , Wenjun Huang , Jin Huang

The basic principle of graph rewriting is the stepwise replacement of subgraphs inside a host graph. A challenge in such replacement steps is the treatment of the patch graph, consisting of those edges of the host graph that touch the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Roy Overbeek , Jörg Endrullis

This paper introduces a differentiable semantic reasoner, where rules are presented as a relevant set of graph transformations. These rules can be written manually or inferred by a set of facts and goals presented as a training set. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Alberto Cetoli

We present a form of algebraic reasoning for computational objects which are expressed as graphs. Edges describe the flow of data between primitive operations which are represented by vertices. These graphs have an interface made of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-07-23 Lucas Dixon , Ross Duncan , Aleks Kissinger

Many NLP applications can be framed as a graph-to-sequence learning problem. Previous work proposing neural architectures on this setting obtained promising results compared to grammar-based approaches but still rely on linearisation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Daniel Beck , Gholamreza Haffari , Trevor Cohn

Gradual semantics (GS) have demonstrated great potential in argumentation, in particular for deploying quantitative bipolar argumentation frameworks (QBAFs) in a number of real-world settings, from judgmental forecasting to explainable AI.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Antonio Rago , Stylianos Loukas Vasileiou , Francesca Toni , Tran Cao Son , William Yeoh

Graph Interpolation Grammars are a declarative formalism with an operational semantics. Their goal is to emulate salient features of the human parser, and notably incrementality. The parsing process defined by GIGs incrementally builds a…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2009-09-25 John Larcheveque

Matrix Graph Grammars (MGG) is a novel approach to the study of graph dynamics ([15]). In the present contribution we look at MGG as a formal grammar and as a model of computation, which is a necessary step in the more ambitious program of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-11-16 Pedro Pablo Perez Velasco

Recently, subgraphs-enhanced Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have been introduced to enhance the expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which was proved to be not higher than the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman isomorphism test. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Michele Guerra , Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Graph neural networks form a class of deep learning architectures specifically designed to work with graph-structured data. As such, they share the inherent limitations and problems of deep learning, especially regarding the issues of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Matteo Belenchia , Flavio Corradini , Michela Quadrini , Michele Loreti

Recent improvements in KG-to-text generation are due to additional auxiliary pre-training tasks designed to give the fine-tune task a boost in performance. These tasks require extensive computational resources while only suggesting marginal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Anthony Colas , Mehrdad Alvandipour , Daisy Zhe Wang

It is natural for probabilistic programs to use conditionals to express alternative substructures in models, and loops (recursion) to express repeated substructures in models. Thus, probabilistic programs with conditionals and recursion…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-10-26 David Chiang , Chung-chieh Shan

Series-parallel (SP) graphs are binary edge-labeled graphs with a designated source and target vertex, built using serial and parallel composition. A set of graphs is recognizable if membership depends only on its image under a homomorphism…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Marius Bozga , Radu Iosif , Florian Zuleger

Graph neural networks are deep neural networks designed for graphs with attributes attached to nodes or edges. The number of research papers in the literature concerning these models is growing rapidly due to their impressive performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 James H. Tanis , Chris Giannella , Adrian V. Mariano

Inspired by distributed algorithms, we introduce a new class of finite graph automata that recognize precisely the graph languages definable in monadic second-order logic. For the cases of words and trees, it has been long known that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-28 Fabian Reiter

Real data collected from different applications that have additional topological structures and connection information are amenable to be represented as a weighted graph. Considering the node labeling problem, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Xiaoxiao Li , Joao Saude