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Any act of problem-solving combines prior knowledge, local search, and a third element that is less often discussed: the extraction of information from search to update understanding. I propose a model of mathematical problem-solving as a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Asvin G

This paper presents mathematics as a general science of computation in a way different from the tradition. It is based on the radical philosophical standpoint according to which the content, meaning and justification of experience lies in…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aarno Hohti

Understanding and creating mathematics using natural mathematical language - the mixture of symbolic and natural language used by humans - is a challenging and important problem for driving progress in machine learning. As a step in this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Sean Welleck , Jiacheng Liu , Ronan Le Bras , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Yejin Choi , Kyunghyun Cho

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-10 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

We define a game semantics for second order classical arithmetic PA2 (with quantifiers over predicates on integers and full comprehension axiom). Our semantics is effective: moves are described by a finite amount of information and whenever…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Stefano Berardi

Decomposition methods are often used for producing counterfactual predictions in non-strategic settings. When the outcome of interest arises from a game-theoretic setting where agents are better off by deviating from their strategies after…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-03 Nathan Canen , Kyungchul Song

We introduce a functional calculus with simple syntax and operational semantics in which the calculi introduced so far in the Curry-Howard correspondence for Classical Logic can be faithfully encoded. Our calculus enjoys confluence without…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-01 Alberto Carraro , Thomas Ehrhard , Antonino Salibra

We illustrate how one can use basic combinatorial theory and computer programming technique (Python) to analyze the combinatorial game: Mahjong. The results confirm some folklore concerning the game, and expose some unexpected results.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Yuan Cheng , Chi-Kwong Li , Sharon H. Li

In rule-based systems, goal-oriented computations correspond naturally to the possible ways that an observation may be explained. In some applications, we need to compute explanations for a series of observations with the same domain. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Fangzhen Lin , Jia-Huai You

We demonstrate that game-theoretic calculations serve as a useful tool for assisting cyber wargaming teams in identifying useful strategies. We note a significant similarity between formulating cyber wargaming strategies and the methodology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Edward Colbert , Alexander Kott , Lawrence Knachel

We study transformational program logics for correctness and incorrectness that we extend to explicitly handle both termination and nontermination. We show that the logics are abstract interpretations of the right image transformer for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Patrick Cousot

We present a calculus providing a Curry-Howard correspondence to classical logic represented in the sequent calculus with explicit structural rules, namely weakening and contraction. These structural rules introduce explicit erasure and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-03-23 Silvia Ghilezan , Pierre Lescanne , Dragisa Zunic

We develop a generic computational model that can be used effectively for establishing the existence of winning strategies for concrete finite combinatorial games. Our modelling is (equational) logic-based involving advanced techniques from…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Răzvan Diaconescu

This work extends the present author's computational game semantics of Martin-L\"{o}f type theory to the cumulative hierarchy of universes. This extension completes game semantics of all standard types of Martin-L\"{o}f type theory for the…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Norihiro Yamada

We give a direct and elementary proof of the theorem on formal functions by studying the behaviour of the Godement resolution of a sheaf of modules under completion.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-11-29 Fernado Sancho , Pedro Sancho

Formal logic has often been seen as uniquely placed to analyze mathematical argumentation. While formal logic is certainly necessary for a complete understanding of mathematical practice, it is not sufficient. Important aspects of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Andrew Aberdein , Zoe Ashton

Since the early twentieth century, it has been understood that mathematical definitions and proofs can be represented in formal systems systems with precise grammars and rules of use. Building on such foundations, computational proof…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Jeremy Avigad

Weighted logic programming, a generalization of bottom-up logic programming, is a well-suited framework for specifying dynamic programming algorithms. In this setting, proofs correspond to the algorithm's output space, such as a path…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Shay B. Cohen , Robert J. Simmons , Noah A. Smith

Propositional logics in general, considered as a set of sentences, can be undecidable even if they have "nice" representations, e.g., are given by a calculus. Even decidable propositional logics can be computationally complex (e.g., already…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Matthias Baaz , Richard Zach

Machine learning is an important tool for decision making, but its ethical and responsible application requires rigorous vetting of its interpretability and utility: an understudied problem, particularly for natural language processing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Shi Feng , Jordan Boyd-Graber
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