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Although enhanced conductivity at ferroelectric domain boundaries has been found in BiFeO$_3$ films, Pb(Zr,Ti)O$_3$ films, and hexagonal rare-earth manganite single crystals, the mechanism of the domain wall conductivity is still under…
Transition metal oxides hold great potential for the development of new device paradigms because of the field-tunable functionalities driven by their strong electronic correlations, combined with their earth abundance and environmental…
Ferroelectric domains were investigated using piezoresponse force microscopy in superlattices composed of multiferroic BiFeO3 and SrTiO3 layers. Compared to single BiFeO3 thin films, a reduction in the domains size and a suppression of the…
Ferroic materials are well known to exhibit heterogeneity in the form of domain walls. Understanding the properties of these boundaries is crucial for controlling functionality with external stimuli and for realizing their potential for…
The manipulation of mesoscale domain wall phenomena has emerged as a powerful strategy for designing ferroelectric responses in functional devices, but its full potential has not yet been realized in the field of magnetism. We show that…
Low dimensional ferroelectrics are highly desired for applications and full of exotic physics. Here a functionalized MXene Hf$_2$CF$_2$ monolayer is theoretically studied, which manifests a nonpolar to polar transition upon moderate biaxial…
The ferroelectric domain pattern within lithographically defined PbTiO3/SrTiO3 ferroelectric/dielectric heteroepitaxial superlattice nanostructures is strongly influenced by the edges of the structures. Synchrotron x-ray nanobeam…
Magneto-toroidal order, also called ferrotoroidicity, is the most recently established type of ferroic state. It is based on a spontaneous and uniform alignment of unit-cell-sized magnetic whirls, called magneto-toroidal moments, associated…
LuFe2O4 is a multiferroic system which exhibits ferroelectricity, charge order, and ferrimagnetic order simultaneously below ~230 K. The ferroelectric domains of LuFe2O4 are imaged with both piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and…
Despite remarkable progress in developing multifunctional materials, spin-driven ferroelectrics featuring both spontaneous magnetization and electric polarization are still rare. Among such ferromagnetic ferroelectrics are conical spin…
An investigation of the spatially resolved distribution of domains in the multiferroic phase of MnWO$_4$ reveals that characteristic features of magnetic and ferroelectric domains are inseparably entangled. Consequently, the concept of…
Multiferroic hexagonal rare-earth ferrites (h-RFeO3, R=Sc, Y, and rare earth), in which the improper ferroelectricity and canted antiferromagnetism coexist, have been advocated as promising candidates to pursue the room-temperature…
The direct domain coupling of spontaneous ferroelectric polarization and net magnetic moment can result in giant magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, which is essential to achieve mutual control and practical applications of multiferroics.…
Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional materials with atomic level thickness have rapidly grown to be a prosperous field of physical science with interdisciplinary interests, for their fascinating properties and broad…
Ferroelectric domain walls are a rich source of emergent electronic properties and unusual polar order. Recent studies showed that the configuration of ferroelectric walls can go well beyond the conventional Ising-type structure. N\'eel-,…
Ferroelectrics form domain patterns that minimize their energy subject to imposed boundary conditions. In a linear, constrained theory, that neglects domain wall energy, periodic domain patterns in the form of multi-rank laminates can be…
Charged polar interfaces such as charged ferroelectric domain walls or heterostructured interfaces of ZnO/(Zn,Mg)O and LaAlO3/SrTiO3, across which the normal component of electric polarization changes suddenly, can host large…
Composite multiferroics, heterostructures of ferromagnetic (FM) and ferroelectric (FE) materials, are characterized by a remarkable magnetoelectric effect at the interface. Previous work has supported the ferromagnetic structure with…
In numerous functional materials, such as steels, ferroelectrics and magnets, new functionalities can be achieved through the engineering of the domain structures, which are associated with the ordering of certain parameters within the…
Phase field modeling of domain structures in ferroelectrics nanorods of different shape and sizes is presented. The vortex domain configurations in confined ferroelectrics have been explored by varying the ratio of the energies of…