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In this paper we further develop the theory of matrices over the extended tropical semiring. Introducing a notion of tropical linear dependence allows for a natural definition of matrix rank in a sense that coincides with the notions of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2008-09-22 Zur Izhakian

Tropical algebraic geometry is the geometry of the tropical semiring $(\mathbb{R},\min,+)$. Its objects are polyhedral cell complexes which behave like complex algebraic varieties. We give an introduction to this theory, with an emphasis on…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jürgen Richter-Gebert , Bernd Sturmfels , Thorsten Theobald

We prove general Cramer type theorems for linear systems over various extensions of the tropical semiring, in which tropical numbers are enriched with an information of multiplicity, sign, or argument. We obtain existence or uniqueness…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-07 Marianne Akian , Stéphane Gaubert , Alexander Guterman

This is a foundational paper in tropical linear algebra, which is linear algebra over the min-plus semiring. We introduce and compare three natural definitions of the rank of a matrix, called the Barvinok rank, the Kapranov rank and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Develin , F. Santos , B. Sturmfels

In this note, we propose a novel technique to reduce the algorithmic complexity of neural network training by using matrices of tropical real numbers instead of matrices of real numbers. Since the tropical arithmetics replaces…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Ozgur Ceyhan

We explore several facets of tropical subrepresentations of a linear representation of a group over the tropical semifield $\mathbb{T}$. A key role in the study of tropical subrepresentations is played by two types of modules over a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Jaiung Jun , Kalina Mincheva , Jeffrey Tolliver

In this work, we examine the process of Tropical Polynomial Division, a geometric method which seeks to emulate the division of regular polynomials, when applied to those of the max-plus semiring. This is done via the approximation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Georgios Smyrnis , Petros Maragos

We introduce and study minimal (with respect to inclusion) solutions of systems of tropical linear differential equations. We describe the set of all minimal solutions for a single equation. It is shown that any tropical linear differential…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Dima Grigoriev , Cristhian Garay López

Tropical algebra is an emerging field with a number of applications in various areas of mathematics. In many of these applications appeal to tropical polynomials allows to study properties of mathematical objects such as algebraic varieties…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Dima Grigoriev , Vladimir V. Podolskii

A multidimensional optimization problem is formulated in the tropical mathematics setting as to maximize a nonlinear objective function, which is defined through a multiplicative conjugate transposition operator on vectors in a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-12 Nikolai Krivulin

Tropical mathematics redefines the rules of arithmetic by replacing addition with taking a maximum, and by replacing multiplication with addition. After briefly discussing a tropical version of linear algebra, we study polynomials build…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-08-21 Ralph Morrison

This is part of an ongoing project to find a general algebraic framework for semiring theory. The structure theory of semirings is quite challenging, largely because of the lack of negation, and such basic properties such as unique…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Marianne Akian , Stephane Gaubert , Louis Rowen

Our objective in this project is three-fold, the first two covered in this paper. In tropical mathematics, as well as other mathematical theories involving semirings, when trying to formulate the tropical versions of classical algebraic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-07 Louis Halle Rowen

We introduce a generalization of tropical polyhedra able to express both strict and non-strict inequalities. Such inequalities are handled by means of a semiring of germs (encoding infinitesimal perturbations). We develop a tropical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Xavier Allamigeon , Uli Fahrenberg , Stéphane Gaubert , Ricardo D. Katz , Axel Legay

The algebraic foundation of tropical polynomial algebra provides the framework for the geometric construction of the supplement and the reversal of tropical varieties, thereby inducing a duality of reduced tropical varieties; for classes of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2008-11-04 Zur Izhakian , Louis Rowen

This is a survey paper on applications of mathematics of semirings to numerical analysis and computing. Concepts of universal algorithm and generic program are discussed. Relations between these concepts and mathematics of semirings are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-05-10 G. L. Litvinov , V. P. Maslov , A. Ya. Rodionov , A. N. Sobolevski

We examine a new optimization problem formulated in the tropical mathematics setting as a further extension of certain known problems. The problem is to minimize a nonlinear objective function, which is defined on vectors over an idempotent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-24 N. Krivulin

The tropical semifield, i.e., the real numbers enhanced by the operations of addition and maximum, serves as a base of tropical mathematics. Addition is an abelian group operation, whereas the maximum defines an idempotent semigroup…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-03-18 Z. Izhakian , E. Shustin

We consider a project that consists of activities to be performed in parallel under various temporal constraints, which include start-start, start-finish and finish-start precedence relationships, release times, deadlines, and due dates.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-23 N. Krivulin

We consider a decision-making problem to find absolute ratings of alternatives that are compared in pairs under multiple criteria, subject to constraints in the form of two-sided bounds on ratios between the ratings. Given matrices of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-22 Nikolai Krivulin