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While adhering to the formalism of Special and General Relativity, this paper considers the interpretation of clock rates and the rating of clocks in detail. We also pay particular attention to the crucial requirement of reciprocity between…

General Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Barrie Tonkinson

Complexity of patterns is a key information for human brain to differ objects of about the same size and shape. Like other innate human senses, the complexity perception cannot be easily quantified. We propose a transparent and universal…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-12-30 Andrey A. Bagrov , Ilia A. Iakovlev , Askar A. Iliasov , Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Vladimir V. Mazurenko

We recount recent history behind building compact models of nonlinear, complex processes and identifying their relevant macroscopic patterns or "macrostates". We give a synopsis of computational mechanics, predictive rate-distortion theory,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-12-31 James P. Crutchfield , Ryan G. James , Sarah Marzen , Dowman P. Varn

In 1985 Kaspi provided a single-letter characterization of the sum-rate-distortion function for a two-way lossy source coding problem in which two terminals send multiple messages back and forth with the goal of reproducing each other's…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-06-02 Nan Ma , Prakash Ishwar

We characterize the rate-distortion function for zero-mean stationary Gaussian sources under the MSE fidelity criterion and subject to the additional constraint that the distortion is uncorrelated to the input. The solution is given by two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-01-14 Milan S. Derpich , Jan Ostergaard , Graham C. Goodwin

Perception-aware lossy source coding has attracted significant recent interest. It augments the classical distortion criterion with an explicit perception constraint, thereby enabling more refined control over fidelity and perceptual…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ali Hussein , Jun Chen , Chao Tian , S. Sandeep Pradhan

A Causal rate distortion function with a general fidelity criterion is formulated on abstract alphabets and the optimal reconstruction kernel is derived, which consists of a product of causal kernels. In the process, general abstract spaces…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-17 Charalambos D. Charalambous , Photios A. Stavrou , Christos K. Kourtellaris

This paper presents and discusses the use of a new feature for PolSAR imagery: the Generalized Statistical Complexity. This measure is able to capture the disorder of the data by means of the entropy, as well as its departure from a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-11 Alejandro C. Frery , Eliana S. de Almeida , Osvaldo A. Rosso

Generalization error bounds are essential to understanding machine learning algorithms. This paper presents novel expected generalization error upper bounds based on the average joint distribution between the output hypothesis and each…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Gholamali Aminian , Yuheng Bu , Gregory Wornell , Miguel Rodrigues

Optimization problems, generalized equations, and the multitude of other variational problems invariably lead to the analysis of sets and set-valued mappings as well as their approximations. We review the central concept of set-convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Johannes O. Royset

In lossy compression, Wang et al. [1] recently introduced the rate-distortion-perception-classification function, which supports multi-task learning by jointly optimizing perceptual quality, classification accuracy, and reconstruction…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Nam Nguyen , Thuan Nguyen , Thinh Nguyen , Bella Bose

One goal of geometric measure theory is to understand how measures in the plane or higher dimensional Euclidean space interact with families of lower dimensional sets. An important dichotomy arises between the class of rectifiable measures,…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Matthew Badger

We introduce a new measure of information-theoretic secrecy based on rate-distortion theory and study it in the context of the Shannon cipher system. Whereas rate-distortion theory is traditionally concerned with a single reconstruction…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Curt Schieler , Paul Cuff

It is well known that independent (separate) encoding of K correlated sources may incur some rate loss compared to joint encoding, even if the decoding is done jointly. This loss is particularly evident in the multiple descriptions problem,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Jan Østergaard , Uri Erez , Ram Zamir

A pressing problem in comparing inflationary models with observation is the accurate calculation of correlation functions. One approach is to evolve them using ordinary differential equations ("transport equations"), analogous to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-10 David Seery , David J. Mulryne , Jonathan Frazer , Raquel H. Ribeiro

Common practice in modern machine learning involves fitting a large number of parameters relative to the number of observations. These overparameterized models can exhibit surprising generalization behavior, e.g., ``double descent'' in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-03 Pratik Patil , Jin-Hong Du , Ryan J. Tibshirani

While Kolmogorov complexity is the accepted absolute measure of information content of an individual finite object, a similarly absolute notion is needed for the relation between an individual data sample and an individual model summarizing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-16 Peter Gacs , John Tromp , Paul Vitanyi

A general divergence measure for monotonic functions is introduced. Its connections with the f-divergence for convex functions are explored. The main properties are pointed out.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sever Silvestru Dragomir

The paper considers a new quantitative-qualitative proximity measure for the features of information objects, where data enters a common information resource from several sources independently. The goal is to determine the possibility of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Volodymyr Yuzefovych

A geometric graph is a combinatorial graph, endowed with a geometry that is inherited from its embedding in a Euclidean space. Formulation of a meaningful measure of (dis-)similarity in both the combinatorial and geometric structures of two…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Sushovan Majhi , Carola Wenk