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We review recent progress in understanding certain aspects of the thermodynamics of black holes and other horizons. Our discussion centers on various ``entropy bounds'' which have been proposed in the literature and on the current…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 Donald Marolf

In the last years new interdisciplinary approaches to economics and social science have been developed. A Thermodynamic approach to socio-economics has brought to a new interdisciplinary scientific field called econophysics. Why…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-26 S. Ripandelli , U. Lucia

We show a relationship between the entropy production in stochastic thermodynamics and the stochastic interaction in the information integrated theory. To clarify this relationship, we newly introduce an information geometric interpretation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-15 Sosuke Ito , Masafumi Oizumi , Shun-ichi Amari

The Thanks feature on Wikipedia, also known as "Thanks", is a tool with which editors can quickly and easily send one other positive feedback. The aim of this project is to better understand this feature: its scope, the characteristics of a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Swati Goel , Ashton Anderson , Leila Zia

We present an axiomatic framework for thermodynamics that incorporates information as a fundamental concept. The axioms describe both ordinary thermodynamic processes and those in which information is acquired, used and erased, as in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Austin Hulse , Benjamin Schumacher , Michael D. Westmoreland

Information dynamics is an emerging description of information processing in complex systems which describes systems in terms of intrinsic computation, identifying computational primitives of information storage and transfer. In this paper…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-03 Richard E. Spinney , Joseph T. Lizier , Mikhail Prokopenko

The use of domain knowledge is generally found to improve query efficiency in content filtering applications. In particular, tangible benefits have been achieved when using knowledge-based approaches within more specialized fields, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Pekka Malo , Pyry Siitari , Oskar Ahlgren , Jyrki Wallenius , Pekka Korhonen

The development of stochastic thermodynamics during the last decades prompted the discovery of novel nonequilibrium relations refining our understanding of the second law in small fluctuating systems and its connection with information…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-19 Luis Irisarri , Lucas Trigal , Raúl Toral , Gonzalo Manzano

An information theoretic approach inspired by quantum statistical mechanics was recently proposed as a means to optimize network models and to assess their likelihood against synthetic and real-world networks. Importantly, this method does…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-12 Carlo Nicolini , Vladimir Vlasov , Angelo Bifone

Thermodynamic entropy, as defined by Clausius, characterizes macroscopic observations of a system based on phenomenological quantities such as temperature and heat. In contrast, information-theoretic entropy, introduced by Shannon, is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-04 Mirjam Weilenmann , Lea Krämer , Philippe Faist , Renato Renner

Wikipedia can easily be justified as a behemoth, considering the sheer volume of content that is added or removed every minute to its several projects. This creates an immense scope, in the field of natural language processing towards…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Soumya Sarkar , Bhanu Prakash Reddy , Sandipan Sikdar , Animesh Mukherjee

This paper is organized into four chapters. The first chapter observes how decoupling labor from ownership of the output produced by that labor is equivalent to building an engine that is incentivized to generate the maximum energy output,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-18 Stephen Casey

Thermodynamics is based on the notions of energy and entropy. While energy is the elementary quantity governing physical dynamics, entropy is the fundamental concept in information theory. In this work, starting from first principles, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-25 Bernhard Altaner

In a previous paper, we introduced an axiomatic system for information thermodynamics, deriving an entropy function that includes both thermodynamic and information components. From this function we derived an entropic probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Benjamin Schumacher , Michael D. Westmoreland

This aim of this article is to explore the potential use of Wikipedia page view data for predicting electoral results. Responding to previous critiques of work using socially generated data to predict elections, which have argued that these…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Taha Yasseri , Jonathan Bright

On Wikipedia, sophisticated algorithmic tools are used to assess the quality of edits and take corrective actions. However, algorithms can fail to solve the problems they were designed for if they conflict with the values of communities who…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-15 C. Estelle Smith , Bowen Yu , Anjali Srivastava , Aaron Halfaker , Loren Terveen , Haiyi Zhu

A few decades after Hill's work on nano-thermodynamics, the development of a thermodynamic framework, to account consistently for the fluctuations of small systems due to their interactions with the surrounding environment, is still…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-09-23 Salvatore Calabrese , Lamberto Rondoni , Amilcare Porporato

The past two decades have seen a revolution in statistical physics, generalizing it to apply to systems of arbitrary size, evolving while arbitrarily far from equilibrium. Many of these new results are based on analyzing the dynamics of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-08-08 David H. Wolpert

Wikipedia is the world's largest online encyclopedia, but maintaining article quality through collaboration is challenging. Wikipedia designed a quality scale, but with such a manual assessment process, many articles remain unassessed. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Pedro Miguel Moás , Carla Teixeira Lopes

We establish a fundamental connection between score-based diffusion models and non-equilibrium thermodynamics by deriving performance limits based on entropy rates. Our main theoretical contribution is a lower bound on the negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Nathan X. Kodama , Michael Hinczewski
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