Related papers: Conditional measurement in noncontextual hidden va…
The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…
Causal models with unobserved variables impose nontrivial constraints on the distributions over the observed variables. When a common cause of two variables is unobserved, it is impossible to uncover the causal relation between them without…
Recent experiments and theory have further illuminated the concept of "quantum contextuality". In this paper we take an inequality - the Pentagram (or KCBS) inequality, which is violated by an unentangled spin-1 system - and given a relaxed…
Colbeck and Renner [arXiv:0801.2218] analyzed a class of combined models for entanglements in which local and non-local hidden variables cooperate for producing the measurement results. They came to the conclusion that the measurement…
One of the conclusions that Bell drew from his famous inequality was that any hidden variable theory that satisfies Local Causality is incompatible with the predictions of Quantum Mechanics for Bell's Experiment. However, Local Causality…
"Weak measurements" -- involving a weak unitary interaction between a quantum system and a meter followed by a projective measurement -- are investigated when the system has a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We show in particular how the…
We introduce a contextual quantum system comprising mutually complementary observables organized into two or more collections of pseudocontexts with the same probability sums of outcomes. These pseudocontexts constitute non-orthogonal bases…
We discuss three measures of the degree of contextuality in contextual systems of dichotomous random variables. These measures are developed within the framework of the Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory, and apply to inconsistently…
The construction of measurements suitable for discriminating signal components produced by phenomena of different types is considered. The required measurements should be capable of cancelling out those signal components which are to be…
We provide explicit quantum circuits for the non-destructive deterministic discrimination of Bell states in the Hilbert space $C^{d^{n}}$, where $d$ is qudit dimension. We discuss a method for generalizing this to non-destructive…
This paper provides a framework for characterizing sequential scenarios, allowing for the identification of contextuality given empirical data, and then provides precise operational interpretations in terms of the possible hidden variable…
We first review and critically examine some basic concepts and ambiguities related to quantum mechanics and quantum measurement to understand the success and shortcomings of current theories. We also touch on ideas regarding expression of…
In this Letter, we explore the possibility of developing Bell inequalities predicated on models using a single Local Hidden Variable (s-LHV), a strict subset of general LHV models. Because of the less strenuous constraints imposed by s-LHV…
Many widely studied graphical models with latent variables lead to nontrivial constraints on the distribution of the observed variables. Inspired by the Bell inequalities in quantum mechanics, we refer to any linear inequality whose…
We consider non-parametric estimation and inference of conditional moment models in high dimensions. We show that even when the dimension $D$ of the conditioning variable is larger than the sample size $n$, estimation and inference is…
In [1] we proved a strengthened Kochen-Specker theorem in 3 dimensions: non-contextual hidden variable (NCHV) models cannot reproduce all the quantum correlations of two compatible observables, which is a minimal requirement imposed on the…
It is widely acknowledged that the predictive performance of clinical prediction models should be studied in patients that were not part of the data in which the model was derived. Out-of-sample performance can be hampered when predictors…
We describe discrete restricted Boltzmann machines: probabilistic graphical models with bipartite interactions between visible and hidden discrete variables. Examples are binary restricted Boltzmann machines and discrete naive Bayes models.…
Conditional Measurement scheme which employs linear optical elements and photon detection is the fertile ground for nonclassical state generation. We consider a simple setup that requires a coherent state and a number state as inputs of the…
For a class of one-dimensional determinantal point processes including those induced by orthogonal projections with integrable kernels satisfying a growth condition, it is proved that their conditional measures, with respect to the…