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In this paper, we pose a hypothesis that the structure of communities in complex networks may result from their latent fractal properties. This hypothesis is based not only on the general observation that many real networks have multilevel…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-09-21 Mateusz Samsel , Kordian Makulski , Michał Łepek , Agata Fronczak , Piotr Fronczak

Complex networks have been studied in recent years due to their relevance in biological, social and technical real systems, such as the world wide web, social networks and biochemical interactions. One of the most current features of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-13 Pablo Pavón-Domínguez , Soledad Moreno-Pulido

The optimization of expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions over combinatorial structures is an ubiquitous task in machine learning, engineering and the natural sciences. The combinatorial explosion of the search space and costly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-11 Ricardo Baptista , Matthias Poloczek

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) depend on the spatial distribution of nodes, which directly influences connectivity, routing efficiency, and overall network performance. Conventional models typically assume uniform or random node placement,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Marat Zaidyn , Sayat Akhtanov , Dana Turlykozhayeva , Symbat Temesheva , Almat Akhmetali , Alisher Skabylov , Nurzhan Ussipov

Detecting clusters or communities in large real-world graphs such as large social or information networks is a problem of considerable interest. In practice, one typically chooses an objective function that captures the intuition of a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-04-21 Jure Leskovec , Kevin J. Lang , Michael W. Mahoney

Counting the solution number of combinational optimization problems is an important topic in the study of computational complexity, especially on the #P-complete complexity class. In this paper, we first investigate some organizations of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-19 Wei Wei , Renquan Zhang , Baolong Niu , Binghui Guo , Zhiming Zheng

Two aspects of fractal networks are considered: the community structure and the class structure, where classes of nodes appear as a consequence of a local symmetry of nodes. The analysed systems are the networks constructed for two selected…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 M. J. Krawczyk

We propose a new network architecture, the Fractal Pyramid Networks (PFNs) for pixel-wise prediction tasks as an alternative to the widely used encoder-decoder structure. In the encoder-decoder structure, the input is processed by an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Zhiqiang Deng , Huimin Yu , Yangqi Long

One of the most common problem-solving heuristics is by analogy. For a given problem, a solver can be viewed as a strategic walk on its fitness landscape. Thus if a solver works for one problem instance, we expect it will also be effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Mingyu Huang , Ke Li

Fractal structures emerge from statistical and hierarchical processes in urban development or network evolution. In a class of efficient and robust geographical networks, we derive the size distribution of layered areas, and estimate the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-20 Yukio Hayashi

One of the most fundamental problems in wireless networks is to achieve high throughput. Fractional Connected Dominating Set (FCDS) Packings can achieve a throughput of ${\Theta}(k/\log n)$ messages for networks with node connectivity $k$,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Fabian Fuchs , Matthias Wolf

Information spreads across social and technological networks, but often the network structures are hidden from us and we only observe the traces left by the diffusion processes, called cascades. Can we recover the hidden network structures…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-05-14 Hadi Daneshmand , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez , Le Song , Bernhard Schoelkopf

What is the dimension of a network? Here, we view it as the smallest dimension of Euclidean space into which nodes can be embedded so that pairwise distances accurately reflect the connectivity structure. We show that a recently proposed…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Peter Grindrod , Desmond John Higham , Henry-Louis de Kergorlay

A wireless network's design must include the optimization of the area of coverage of its wireless transmitters - mobile and base stations in cellular networks, wireless access points in WLANs, or nodes on a transmit schedule in a wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Prateek Kapadia

A concept of higher order neighborhood in complex networks, introduced previously (PRE \textbf{73}, 046101, (2006)), is systematically explored to investigate larger scale structures in complex networks. The basic idea is to consider each…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-16 Roberto F. S. Andrade , José G. V. Miranda , Suani T. R. Pinho , Thierry Petit Lobão

The class of Koch fractals is one of the most interesting families of fractals, and the study of complex networks is a central issue in the scientific community. In this paper, inspired by the famous Koch fractals, we propose a mapping…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-09-03 Zhongzhi Zhang , Shuyang Gao , Lichao Chen , Shuigeng Zhou , Hongjuan Zhang , Jihong Guan

We study the problems of covering or partitioning a polygon $P$ (possibly with holes) using a minimum number of small pieces, where a small piece is a connected sub-polygon contained in an axis-aligned unit square. For covering, we seek to…

We consider fractional online covering problems with $\ell_q$-norm objectives. The problem of interest is of the form $\min\{ f(x) \,:\, Ax\ge 1, x\ge 0\}$ where $f(x)=\sum_{e} c_e \|x(S_e)\|_{q_e} $ is the weighted sum of $\ell_q$-norms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-10 Viswanath Nagarajan , Xiangkun Shen

A routing algorithm is the most fundamental problem in complex network communication. In complex networks, the amount of computation increases as the number of nodes increases which reduces routing performance. In this paper, we propose a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Dana Turlykozhayeva , Sayat Akhtanov , Nurzhan Ussipov , Almat Akhmetali , Aslan Bolysbay , Yerkin Shabdan

Structural network embedding is a crucial step in enabling effective downstream tasks for complex systems that aims to project a network into a lower-dimensional space while preserving similarities among nodes. We introduce a simple and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Giuseppe Squillace , Mirco Tribastone , Max Tschaikowski , Andrea Vandin