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We study the deflection angle of a light ray as it traverses on the equatorial plane of a charged spinning black hole. We provide detailed analysis of the light ray's trajectory, and derive the closed-form expression of the deflection angle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-15 You-Wei Hsiao , Da-Shin Lee , Chi-Yong Lin

We examine in a semiclassical framework the deflection function of strong gravitational lensing, for static and spherically symmetric black holes, endowed with a photon sphere. From a first-order WKB analysis near the maximum of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-22 Bernard Raffaelli

We impose the first strong-lensing constraints on a wide class of modified gravity models where an extra field that modifies gravity also couples to photons (either directly or indirectly through a coupling with baryons) and thus modifies…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-09 De-Chang Dai , Dejan Stojkovic , Glenn D. Starkman

Motivated by (i) more and more interest in strong gravitational lensing by supermassive black holes due to the achievement of EHT observations, (ii) the ongoing popular topic on the possibility of Lorentz symmetry being broken in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-01 Xiao-Mei Kuang , Ali Övgün

In the present work we study numerically quasi-equatorial lensing by the charged, stationary, axially-symmetric Kerr-Sen dilaton-axion black hole in the strong deflection limit. In this approximation we compute the magnification and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Galin N. Gyulchev , Stoytcho S. Yazadjiev

Gravitational lensing constitutes one of the most direct observational manifestations of spacetime curvature and provides a powerful probe of compact astrophysical objects. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the bending of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Partha Pratim Basumallick , Saheb Das , Bhaswati Mandal , Subhadip Sau

We investigate gravitational lensing in the strong-field regime for a black hole in F(R) Euler Heisenberg Gravity with Rainbow gravity modifications. This black hole spacetime is characterized by the Euler Heisenberg parameter, F(R)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-21 Sayan Naskar , Niyaz Uddin Molla , Ujjal Debnath

In this paper, we investigate the light trajectories and shadow properties in the rotating version of null naked singularity (NNS) spacetime which is derived using the Newman- Janis algorithm without complexification method. We discuss some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-21 Vishva Patel , Divya Tahelyani , Ashok B. Joshi , Dipanjan Dey , Pankaj S. Joshi

In this paper, we study rotating black holes in symmergent gravity, and use deviations from the Kerr black hole to constrain the parameters of the symmergent gravity. Symmergent gravity induces the gravitational constant $G$ and quadratic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-28 Reggie C. Pantig , Ali Övgün , Durmuş Demir

One of the most important and actual issues in relativistic astrophysics is testing gravity theories and obtaining constraint values for the parameters of black holes using observational data. In this research, we aimed to explore the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-14 Saeed Ullah Khan , Javlon Rayimbaev , Furkat Sarikulov , Ozodbek Abdurakhmonov

In this work, we investigate the shadow cast and strong field gravitational lensing of a new class of black hole solutions in dilaton gravity where dilaton field is coupled with nonlinear Maxwell invariant [Younesizadeh et al. in Int J Mod…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-06-14 Younes Younesizadeh , Feyzollah Younesizadeh , Mohammad M. Qaemmaqami

We study the influence of the spacetime noncommutative parameter on the strong field gravitational lensing in the noncommutative Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black-hole spacetime. Supposing that the gravitational field of the supermassive central…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-14 Chikun Ding , Jiliang Jing

Gravitational waves (GWs) are lensed by matter, offering a unique probe of both the large-scale structure of the Universe and the fundamental properties of GW propagation. GWs can also be affected by wave optics effects when their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Juno C. L. Chan , Conor Dyson , Matilde Garcia , Jaime Redondo-Yuste , Luka Vujeva

The deflection angle of Kerr-MOG black holes is studied for different values of the parameter in modified gravity (MOG). To this end, we employ the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which was first studied by Gibbons and Werner and then extended by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-29 Ali Övgün , İzzet Sakallı , Joel Saavedra

The null geodesic equations that describe motion of photons in Kerr spacetime are solved exactly in the presence of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The exact solution for the deflection angle for generic light orbits (i.e. non-polar,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-08 G. V. Kraniotis

We firstly present a new asymptotical flat and spherically symmetric solution in the generalized Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama (ECKS) theory of gravity and then investigate the propagation of photon in this background. This solution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-04 Songbai Chen , Lu Zhang , Jiliang Jing

Recent strong-field regime tests of gravity are so far in agreement with general relativity. In particular, astrophysical black holes appear all to be consistent with the Kerr spacetime, but the statistical error on current observations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-26 Edgardo Franzin , Stefano Liberati , Mauro Oi

We have studied the shadows of a circular disformal Kerr black hole with a deformation parameter, which represents a rotating solution within a generalized scalar-tensor framework of Horndeski gravity that characterized by second-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-06 Fen Long , Songbai Chen , Jiliang Jing

We explored the effect of space-time geometry on the trajectory of light rays in the context of a charged, rotating black hole. We derived an analytical expression for the deflection of light rays in Kerr-Newman space-time geometry, using a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-07 Saswati Roy , Shubham Kala , Prasanjit Ghosh , Hemwati Nandan , Asoke K. Sen

We investigate the deflection of photons in the strong deflection limit within static and axisymmetric spacetimes possessing reflection symmetry. As the impact parameter approaches its critical value, the deflection angle exhibits a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-21 Takahisa Igata