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Gravitational waves (GWs) from tens of millions of compact binaries in our Milky Way enter the milli-Hertz band of space-based detection. The majority of them cannot be resolved individually, resulting in a foreground confusion noise for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-14 Chang Liu , Wen-Hong Ruan , Zong-Kuan Guo

The Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) instrument on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Follow-On mission has provided the first laser interferometric range measurements between remote spacecraft, separated by approximately…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-23 Klaus Abich , Claus Braxmaier , Martin Gohlke , Josep Sanjuan , Alexander Abramovici , Brian Bachman Okihiro , David C. Barr , Maxime P. Bize , Michael J. Burke , Ken C. Clark , Glenn de Vine , Jeffrey A. Dickson , Serge Dubovitsky , William M. Folkner , Samuel Francis , Martin S. Gilbert , Mark Katsumura , William Klipstein , Kameron Larsen , Carl Christian Liebe , Jehhal Liu , Kirk McKenzie , Phillip R. Morton , Alexander T. Murray , Don J. Nguyen , Joshua A. Ravich , Daniel Shaddock , Robert Spero , Gary Spiers , Andrew Sutton , Joseph Trinh , Duo Wang , Rabi T. Wang , Brent Ware , Christopher Woodruff , Bengie Amparan , Mike A. Davis , James Howell , Micah Kruger , Lynette Lobmeyer , Robert Pierce , Gretchen Reavis , Michael Sileo , Michelle Stephens , Andreas Baatzsch , Christian Dahl , Katrin Dahl , Frank Gilles , Philipp Hager , Mark Herding , Marina Kaufer , Kolja Nicklaus , Kai Voss , Christina Bogan , Karsten Danzmann , Germán Fernández Barranco , Gerhard Heinzel , Alexander Koch , Christoph Mahrdt , Malte Misfeldt , Vitali Müller , Jens Reiche , Daniel Schütze , Benjamin Sheard , Gunnar Stede , Henry Wegener , Andreas Eckardt , Burghardt Guenther , Thomas Mangoldt , Bernd Zender , Thomas Ester , Frank Heine , Christoph Seiter , Steve Windisch , Reinhold Flatscher , Frank Flechtner , Nicolas Grossard , Jerome Hauden , Martin Hinz , Thomas Leikert , Marcus Zimmermann , Anton Lebeda , Arnold Lebeda

Clock noise is one of the dominant noises in the space-borne gravitational wave (GW) detection. To suppress this noise, the clock noise-calibrated time-delay-interferometry (TDI) technique is proposed. In this technique, an inter-spacecraft…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-31 Mingyang Xu , Yujie Tan , Hanzhong Wu , Panpan Wang , Hao Yan , Yurong Liang , Chenggang Shao

Space-based gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), use picometer-precision laser interferometry to detect gravitational waves at frequencies from 1 Hz down to below 0.1 mHz. Laser…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-04 Marcel Beck , Shreevathsa Chalathadka Subrahmanya , Oliver Gerberding

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission aims to detect gravitational waves by interferometrically measuring the change of separation between free-falling test masses (TMs). LISA's interferometers must deliver pm/rtHz…

We propose two distinct atom interferometer gravitational wave detectors, one terrestrial and another satellite-based, utilizing the core technology of the Stanford 10 m atom interferometer presently under construction. Each configuration…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-01-07 Savas Dimopoulos , Peter W. Graham , Jason M. Hogan , Mark A. Kasevich , Surjeet Rajendran

The planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect gravitational wave signals from a wide range of sources. However, disentangling individual signals from the source-dominated data stream is a challenging problem and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-15 Jonathan R Gair , Gareth Jones

We investigate the impact of missing input data on the construction of second-generation Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) variables, which enable data analysis for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). TDI relies on the introduction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Ollie Burke , Martina Muratore , Graham Woan

Time-Delay Interferometry (TDI) is essential for space-based gravitational wave (GW) missions, as it suppresses laser frequency noise and achieve the required sensitivity. Beyond the standard Michelson configuration, a variety of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-05 Gang Wang

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will open three decades of gravitational wave (GW) spectrum between 0.1 and 100 mHz, the mHz band. This band is expected to be the richest part of the GW spectrum, in types of sources, numbers…

Spaceborne gravitational-wave observatories utilize a postprocessing technique known as time-delay interferometry (TDI) to reduce the otherwise overwhelming laser frequency noise by around 8 orders of magnitude. While, in its traditional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Kohei Yamamoto , Jan Niklas Reinhardt , Olaf Hartwig

The European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are planning the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission in order to detect GW. The need of accurate testing of free-fall and knowledge…

Space Physics · Physics 2011-10-14 Michele Armano

Time delay interferometry (TDI) is essential for suppressing laser frequency noise and achieving the targeted sensitivity for space-borne gravitational wave (GW) missions. In Paper I, we examined the performance of the fiducial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-01 Gang Wang

In the baseline design for advanced LIGO interferometers, the most serious noise source is tiny, dynamically fluctuating bumps and valleys on the faces of the arm-cavity mirrors, caused by random flow of heat in the mirrors' sapphire…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Erika D'Ambrosio , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Sergey Strigin , Kip S. Thorne , Sergey Vyatchanin

It is known by the experience gained from the gravitational wave detector proto-types that the interferometric output signal will be corrupted by a significant amount of non-Gaussian noise, large part of it being essentially composed of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 E. Chassande-Mottin , S. V. Dhurandhar

The space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be able to observe the gravitational-wave signals from systems comprised of a massive black hole and a stellar-mass compact object. These systems are known as extreme-mass-ratio…

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a proposed space mission for the detection of gravitational waves. It consists of three drag-free satellites flying in a triangular constellation. A gravitational reference sensor is used in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-08 Andreas Zoellner , Eric Hultgren , Ke-Xun Sun

We describe an optical simulation program that models a complete, coupled-cavity interferometer like those used by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Project. A wide variety of interferometer deformations can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Brett Bochner , Yaron Hefetz

The microhertz frequency band of gravitational waves probes the merger of supermassive black holes as well as many other gravitational wave phenomena. However, space-interferometry methods that use test masses would require further…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-29 Matthew McQuinn , Casey McGrath

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is poised to revolutionize astrophysics and cosmology in the late 2030's by unlocking unprecedented insights into the most energetic and elusive astrophysical phenomena. The mission envisages…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-18 Gerhard Heinzel , Javier Álvarez-Vizoso , Miguel Dovale-Álvarez , Karsten Wiesner